Intensīvas terapijas pacientu sāpju līmenis un atsāpināšana pēc abdominālajām operācijām
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Date
2020
Authors
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Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darba nosaukums: “Intensīvas terapijas pacientu sāpju līmenis un atsāpināšana pēc abdominālajām operācijām”.
Sāpes ir izplatīta problēma intensīvās terapijas nodaļas pacientu vidū. Regulāra sāpju novērtēšana uzlabo intensīvas terapijas pacientu pecoperācijas atsāpināšanu, tādejādi samazinot sāpju biežumu, komplikāciju attīstības risku, un hospitalizācijas ilgumu.
Pētījuma primārais mērķis ir noskaidrot kāds ir sāpju līmenis intensīvās terapijas nodaļās pacientiem pēc abdominālajām operācijām. Pētījuma sekundārais mērķis noteikt kādas darbības māsa veic, izvērtējot sāpju līmeni un veicot atsāpināšanu intensīvās terapijas pacientiem pēc abdominālajām operācijām.
Pētījums ir kvantitatīvs, neeksperimentāls, aprakstošs. Kā pētījuma instruments tika izmantots izstrādāts novērojuma protokols, kurā tika reģistrēti pacientu dati un māsu darbības. Pētījumā tika ievākti 50 pacientu dati un 25 māsu novērošanas protokoli.
Pētījumā tika iegūtu rezultāti, ka sāpju intensitātes līmenis intensīvās terapijas nodaļās pacientiem pēc abdominālajām operācijām, vidējais radītājs 5,74 ± standartnovirze 0,31. Netika konstatēta statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības sāpju līmenī pacientiem 1.,2., un 3, pēcoperācijas dienā. Pacientu sāpju līmenis pēc laparoskopiskās operācijas ir zemāks, nekā pacientiem pēc laparotomijas (p=0,017). Statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības sāpju līmeni starp vecuma grupām un dzimumiem netika konstatētas p>0,05. Nodāļā pacienta sāpju novērtēšanu veic 80% (n=20) māsu un neveic 20% (n=5) māsu. Visbiežāk izmantotas sāpju novērtēšanas skalas ir: skaitliskā sāpju novērtējuma skala (NRS) un vizuāla analogu skala (VAS). Nav atšķirības sāpju intensitāte pacientiem kuri lieto vienu medikamentu un pacientiem ar kombinētu terapiju. Pacientiem kuriem tiek pielietota nemedikamentoza atsāpināšanas terapija, sāpju līmenis ir zemāks, nekā pacientiem kuri tiek ārstēti tikai ar medikamentiem (p<0,001). Sāpju līmenis ir zemāks pacientam, par kuru sāpju intensitāti māsa sniedz informāciju ārstiem.
Title of the work: “Pain level and pain management in intensive care patients after abdominal surgery” Pain is a common problem among patients in the intensive care unit. Regular assessment of pain improves postoperative analgesia of intensive care patients, thus reducing the frequency of pain, the risk of developing complications, and the duration of hospitalization. The primary goal of the study is to determine the level of pain in intensive care units for patients after abdominal surgery. The secondary goal of the study was to determine what activities the nurse performs by assessing pain levels and performing analgesia in intensive care unit’s patients after abdominal surgery. The study is quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive. An observation protocol was developed as a research tool, in which patient data and nursing activities were recorded. The study collected data from 50 patients and 25 observation protocols from nurses. The results of the study showed that the level of pain intensity in the intensive care units for patients after abdominal surgery, the mean value was 5.74 ± standard deviation 0.31. No statistically significant differences in pain level on the 1, 2, and 3 postoperative day. Patients had lower pain levels after laparoscopic surgery than patients after laparoscopic surgery (p = 0.017). No statistically significant differences in pain levels between age groups and gender p > 0.05. In intensive care units the patient's pain assessment is performed by 80% (n = 20) of nurses and not by 20% (n = 5). The most commonly used pain rating scales are: Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). There is no difference in pain intensity between patients taking single medications and patients taking combination therapy. Patients receiving non-drug analgesia have lower pain levels than patients treated with medication alone (p <0.001). The pain level is lower for the patient whose pain intensity nurses informs the doctors.
Title of the work: “Pain level and pain management in intensive care patients after abdominal surgery” Pain is a common problem among patients in the intensive care unit. Regular assessment of pain improves postoperative analgesia of intensive care patients, thus reducing the frequency of pain, the risk of developing complications, and the duration of hospitalization. The primary goal of the study is to determine the level of pain in intensive care units for patients after abdominal surgery. The secondary goal of the study was to determine what activities the nurse performs by assessing pain levels and performing analgesia in intensive care unit’s patients after abdominal surgery. The study is quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive. An observation protocol was developed as a research tool, in which patient data and nursing activities were recorded. The study collected data from 50 patients and 25 observation protocols from nurses. The results of the study showed that the level of pain intensity in the intensive care units for patients after abdominal surgery, the mean value was 5.74 ± standard deviation 0.31. No statistically significant differences in pain level on the 1, 2, and 3 postoperative day. Patients had lower pain levels after laparoscopic surgery than patients after laparoscopic surgery (p = 0.017). No statistically significant differences in pain levels between age groups and gender p > 0.05. In intensive care units the patient's pain assessment is performed by 80% (n = 20) of nurses and not by 20% (n = 5). The most commonly used pain rating scales are: Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). There is no difference in pain intensity between patients taking single medications and patients taking combination therapy. Patients receiving non-drug analgesia have lower pain levels than patients treated with medication alone (p <0.001). The pain level is lower for the patient whose pain intensity nurses informs the doctors.
Description
Māszinības (ar spec. Anestēzijas, intensīvās un neatliekamās aprūpes)
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Atslēgas vārdi: intensīvā terapija, sāpju līmenis, sāpju vērtēšana, atsāpināšana pēc abdominālajām operācijām., Keywords: intensive care unit, pain level, pain assessment, analgesia after abdominal surgery.