Saistība starp kritiskās domāšanas dispozīciju un ticību sazvērestību teorijām.
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot, vai pastāv statistiski nozīmīga saistība starp kritiskās domāšanas dispozīciju (turpmāk arī KDD) un ticību sazvērestību teorijām (turpmāk arī ST). Izvirzīta hipotēze, ka pastāv statistiski nozīmīga saistība starp ticību sazvērestību teorijām un kritiskās domāšanas dispozīciju.
Lai apstiprinātu vai noliegtu izvirzīto hipotēzi, izveidota aptaujas anketa. Izmantotas divas starptautiski atzītas skalas, kuras apvienojot tika izveidota anketa ar 26 apgalvojumiem un 5 demogrāfisko datu jautājumiem. “Vispārīgā sazvērestību teoriju ticības skala” (The Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale; Brotherton R., 2013) ietver 15 apgalvojumus, kas nosaka indivīda ticību ST. “Kriskās domāšanas dispozīcijas skala” (The Critical Thinking Disposition Scale; Sosu, 2013) ietver 11 apgalvojumus, kas vērtē indivīda KDD. Uz abu skalu apgalvojumiem respondentiem jāatbild ar piecu punktu Likerta tipa skalas atbildēm.
Anketa tika izplatīta starp Latvijas interneta lietotājiem. Kopā pētījumā piedalījās 139 respondenti vecumā no 18 līdz 86 gadiem: no tiem 41% vīriešu (n=57) un 59% sieviešu (n=82). Vidējais respondentu vecums: 40.9 gadi. No iegūtajiem datiem, aprēķinot Spīrmena koeficientu, tika veidota korelācijas analīze starp indivīdu kritisko domāšanu un ticību ST. Izmantojot Hī-kvadrāta testu noteikts, vai pastāv statistiski nozīmīga saistība starp ticību sazvērestības teorijām un tādiem demogrāfiskajiem parametriem kā indivīda dzimums, vecums, dzīvesvieta, izglītības līmenis un ienākumu līmenis.
Rezultāti: Tika apstiprināta hipotēze, ka pastāv statistiski nozīmīga saistība starp ticību sazvērestību teorijām un kritiskās domāšanas dispozīciju. Nosakot Spīrmena korelācijas koeficientu, tika secināts, ka pastāv statistiski nozīmīga korelācija (rs= - 0.368 ; p < 0,001), starp šiem parametriem. Veicot Hī-kvadrāta testu, visi anketā iekļautie demogrāfiskie parametri uzrādīja statistiski ticamu saistību ar indivīdu ticību ST. Visnozīmīgākā saistība vērojama ar indivīda ienākumu līmeni mēnesī, izglītības līmeni un vecumu.
Secinājumi: Pieaugot kritiskās domāšanas dispozīcijai, samazinās ticība sazvērestību teorijām. Indivīdiem pēc 40 gadu vecuma novērojama lielāka ticība šīm teorijām (p=0.002). Respondentiem, kuri dzīvo Rīgā vai Pierīgā ir novērojama mazāka tendence ticēt ST nekā indivīdiem, kuri dzīvo ārpus šī reģiona (p=0.043). Ticība ST ir saistīta ar indivīda izglītības līmeni- tikai 18% no respondentiem ar augstāko izglītību tic sazvērestību teorijām, pretēji 42% respondentu bez augstākās izglītības (p=0.009). Ticība ST ir saistīta ar indivīda ienākumu līmeni - ST tic tikai 16% respondentu ar ikmēneša ienākumiem virs 1200 EUR un 47% respondentu, kuru ienākumu līmenis mēnesī ir zem 600 EUR (p=0.006).
The objective of this study is to evaluate if there is a connection between critical thinking disposition and belief in conspiracy theories. A hypothesis has been proposed that there is a statistically significant correlation between belief in conspiracy theories (in further text - CT) and critical thinking disposition (in further text -CTD). To confirm or reject the hypothesis, two internationally recognized scales were used, creating a questionnaire with 26 statements and 5 demographic questions. The Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (Brotherton R., 2013) contains 15 statements that determine an individual's belief in conspiracy theories. The Critical Thinking Disposition Scale (Sosu, 2013) contains 11 statements that assess an individual's CTD. Respondents answered all the statements using five-point Likert scale answers. The questionnaire was distributed among Latvian Internet users. A total of 139 respondents aged 18 to 86 years were included in the study: of those 41% were male (n=57) and 59% were female (n=82). From the obtained data correlation analysis were made using a Spearman correlation coefficient. By using Chi-squared test, it was also determined whether there was a statistically significant relationship between belief in CT and demographic parameters such as an individual's gender, age, place of residence, level of education, and income level. Results: The hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between belief in CT and the CTD was confirmed. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated and it was concluded that there is a statistically significant correlation (rs= -0.368; p <0.001) between both parameters. In a Chi-square test, all demographic parameters showed a statistically significant relationship with individuals' belief in CTs. The most significant relationship was observed between belief in CTs and the individual's income level, level of education and age. Conclusions: As the disposition of critical thinking increases, the belief in conspiracy theories decreases. Belief in CTs is more common amongst individuals over the age of 40 (p=0.002). Respondents living in Riga or near the capital city are less likely to believe in CTs than individuals living outside this region (p=0.0043). Belief in CTs is related to the level of education- only 18% of respondents with higher education believe in conspiracy theories, opposite to 42% of respondents without higher education (p=0.009). Belief in CTs is connected to the individual's income level - only 16% of respondents with a monthly income above 1200 EUR believe in CTs, opposite to 47% of respondents with a monthly income level of less than 600 EUR (p=0.006).
The objective of this study is to evaluate if there is a connection between critical thinking disposition and belief in conspiracy theories. A hypothesis has been proposed that there is a statistically significant correlation between belief in conspiracy theories (in further text - CT) and critical thinking disposition (in further text -CTD). To confirm or reject the hypothesis, two internationally recognized scales were used, creating a questionnaire with 26 statements and 5 demographic questions. The Generic Conspiracist Beliefs Scale (Brotherton R., 2013) contains 15 statements that determine an individual's belief in conspiracy theories. The Critical Thinking Disposition Scale (Sosu, 2013) contains 11 statements that assess an individual's CTD. Respondents answered all the statements using five-point Likert scale answers. The questionnaire was distributed among Latvian Internet users. A total of 139 respondents aged 18 to 86 years were included in the study: of those 41% were male (n=57) and 59% were female (n=82). From the obtained data correlation analysis were made using a Spearman correlation coefficient. By using Chi-squared test, it was also determined whether there was a statistically significant relationship between belief in CT and demographic parameters such as an individual's gender, age, place of residence, level of education, and income level. Results: The hypothesis that there is a statistically significant correlation between belief in CT and the CTD was confirmed. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated and it was concluded that there is a statistically significant correlation (rs= -0.368; p <0.001) between both parameters. In a Chi-square test, all demographic parameters showed a statistically significant relationship with individuals' belief in CTs. The most significant relationship was observed between belief in CTs and the individual's income level, level of education and age. Conclusions: As the disposition of critical thinking increases, the belief in conspiracy theories decreases. Belief in CTs is more common amongst individuals over the age of 40 (p=0.002). Respondents living in Riga or near the capital city are less likely to believe in CTs than individuals living outside this region (p=0.0043). Belief in CTs is related to the level of education- only 18% of respondents with higher education believe in conspiracy theories, opposite to 42% of respondents without higher education (p=0.009). Belief in CTs is connected to the individual's income level - only 16% of respondents with a monthly income above 1200 EUR believe in CTs, opposite to 47% of respondents with a monthly income level of less than 600 EUR (p=0.006).
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
sazvērestības teorijas, kritiskās domāšanas dispozīcija, ticība, conspiracy theories, critical thinking disposition, belief