Latvijas iedzīvotāju izpratne un zināšanas par ķīmisko vielu uzņemšanas veidiem organismā.
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Darba tēma: “Latvijas iedzīvotāju izpratne un zināšanas par ķīmisko vielu uzņemšanas veidiem organismā.”
Darba mērķis: Apkopot un izvērtēt Latvijas iedzīvotāju informētību par iespējamajiem avotiem, caur kuriem ķīmiskās vielas nokļūst cilvēka organismā.
Aktualitāte: Eiropā Ķīmijas industrija ir viena no lielākajiem pasaulē un veido aptuveni 7,5% no Eiropas Savienības (ES) ražošanas apjoma pēc apgrozījuma. Pārdošanas apjoms ir €565 miljardi (2018), kas ir aptuveni 17% no pasaules ķīmisko vielu pārdošanas apjoma. Pēc pētījuma „Eirobaramatrs 456: Ķīmiskā drošība” datiem (ar ievērojamām atšķirībām starp dalībvalstīm): 65% iedzīvotāju no 28 Eiropas Savienības (ES) dalībvalstīm ir "nedaudz" vai "ļoti" nobažījušies par to, ka ikdienā tiek pakļauti ķimikālijām.
Hipotēzes:
1) Jaunāka vecuma respondentiem ir plašākas zināšanas par ķīmisko vielu emisijas avotiem nekā respondentiem virs 51 gadu vecuma.
2) Respondentiem ar augstāku izglītības līmeni ir plašākas zināšanas par iespējamiem ķīmisko vielu emisijas avotiem no apkārtējās vides un sadzīves priekšmetiem
Pētījuma dizains: šķērsgriezuma pētījums.
Pētījuma metodes: bakalaurā darbā ir izmantota projekta HORIZON 2020 „Cilvēku biomonitoringa iniciatīva Eiropā (HBM4EU)” ietvaros notikuša iedzīvotāju aptauja par drošāku ķīmisko vielu apriti Eiropā. Anketas aizpildīšanā piedalījās 624 Latvijas iedzīvotāji. Anketēšanas rezultātu kvantitatīvā analīze tika veikta izmantojot IBM SPSS. Bakalaura darba izstrādes procesā tika izmantotas aprakstošās statistikas metodes. Piemēram, biežumu aprēķināšana (Descriptive statistics – Frequencies) un šķērstabulu analīze. Mainīgo analīzei un aprakstīšanai tika izmantots Hī-kvadrāta test (Chi – Square). Ja rezultātā p vērtība bija mazāk par 0,05, tad atšķirības pētāmajās grupās tika uzskatītas kā nozīmīgas. Ticamības līmeņa aprēķināšanai tika izmantots 95% proporciju kalkulators.
Secinājumi: Sievietes vairāk apzinās ķīmisko vielu emisijas risku, kas rodas izmantojot kopšanas un higiēnas līdzekļiem nekā vīrieši. Vērojamas atšķirības zināšanās par tādiem ķīmisko vielu emisijas avotiem kā pārtiku, dzeramo ūdeni, psiho aktīvām vielām, vecuma grupās no 15-30 un 51+. Apkopotie dati par dažāda vecuma grupām un zināšanām, liecina ka 51+ veciem respondentiem nav tik plašas zināšanas kā 15-30 gadu veciem respondentiem. Statistiski nozīmīgas atšķirības starp respondentu dažādiem izglītības līmeņiem netika konstatēta.
Valoda: latviešu valoda
Saturs: bakalaura darbs ir iedalīts 4 nodaļās, 13 apakšnodaļās. Darba apjoms ir 43 lappuses: 15 attēli un 1 pielikums. Tika izmantotas 27 atsauces.
Title: “Latvian populace awareness and knowledge about the ways of ingestion chemicals into the body.” Aim: To collect and assess the awareness of the Latvian population about the possible sources through which chemicals enter the human body. Background: In Europe, the chemical industry is one of the largest in the world and accounts for about 7.5% of the European Union (EU) production by turnover. Sales are €565 billion (2018), which is about 17% of global chemical sales. According to the study "Eurobarometer 456: Chemical safety" (with significant differences between member states): 65% of the population of the 28 member states of the European Union (EU) is "a little" or "very" concerned about being exposed to chemicals on a daily basis. Hypothesis: 1) Respondents of younger age have a greater knowledge of chemical emission sources than respondents over the age of 51. 2) Respondents with a higher level of Education have more knowledge about possible sources of emissions of chemicals from the environment and household items Study design: cross-sectional study. Study methods: A population survey on safer circulation of chemicals in Europe has been used in the framework of the project Horizon 2020 "Human Biomonitoring in Europe (HBM4EU)". In the questionnaire participated 624 Latvian residents. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaire results was carried out in the IBM SPSS program. In the process of developing my bachelor's thesis, descriptive statistical methods were used. For example, frequency calculation (Descriptive statistics – frequences) and cross-table analysis. The Chi-Square test (Chi – Square) was used to analyze and describe variables. If, as a result, the p value was less than 0.05, then the differences in the studied groups were considered significant. A 95% proportion calculator was used to calculate the confidence level. Conclusions: Women are more aware of the risk of chemical emissions from the use of care and hygiene products than men. The difference between age groups knowledge about sources of emissions of chemicals was observed on food, drinking water, psychoactive substances, where opinions did not coincide for 15-30 and 51+ age groups. The analysis section summarizes data on different age groups and knowledge, shows that 51+ old respondents do not have as extensive knowledge as 15-30-year-old respondents. Significant differences between the respondents' different levels of education were not noticed. Language: Latvian Contents: bachelor's work is divided into 4 chapters, 13 subdivisions. The volume of the work is 43 pages: 15 pictures and 1 appendix. 27 references were used.
Title: “Latvian populace awareness and knowledge about the ways of ingestion chemicals into the body.” Aim: To collect and assess the awareness of the Latvian population about the possible sources through which chemicals enter the human body. Background: In Europe, the chemical industry is one of the largest in the world and accounts for about 7.5% of the European Union (EU) production by turnover. Sales are €565 billion (2018), which is about 17% of global chemical sales. According to the study "Eurobarometer 456: Chemical safety" (with significant differences between member states): 65% of the population of the 28 member states of the European Union (EU) is "a little" or "very" concerned about being exposed to chemicals on a daily basis. Hypothesis: 1) Respondents of younger age have a greater knowledge of chemical emission sources than respondents over the age of 51. 2) Respondents with a higher level of Education have more knowledge about possible sources of emissions of chemicals from the environment and household items Study design: cross-sectional study. Study methods: A population survey on safer circulation of chemicals in Europe has been used in the framework of the project Horizon 2020 "Human Biomonitoring in Europe (HBM4EU)". In the questionnaire participated 624 Latvian residents. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaire results was carried out in the IBM SPSS program. In the process of developing my bachelor's thesis, descriptive statistical methods were used. For example, frequency calculation (Descriptive statistics – frequences) and cross-table analysis. The Chi-Square test (Chi – Square) was used to analyze and describe variables. If, as a result, the p value was less than 0.05, then the differences in the studied groups were considered significant. A 95% proportion calculator was used to calculate the confidence level. Conclusions: Women are more aware of the risk of chemical emissions from the use of care and hygiene products than men. The difference between age groups knowledge about sources of emissions of chemicals was observed on food, drinking water, psychoactive substances, where opinions did not coincide for 15-30 and 51+ age groups. The analysis section summarizes data on different age groups and knowledge, shows that 51+ old respondents do not have as extensive knowledge as 15-30-year-old respondents. Significant differences between the respondents' different levels of education were not noticed. Language: Latvian Contents: bachelor's work is divided into 4 chapters, 13 subdivisions. The volume of the work is 43 pages: 15 pictures and 1 appendix. 27 references were used.
Description
Sabiedrības veselība
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Public Health
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
bīstamās ķīmiskās vielas, HBM4EU, emisijas avoti, ķīmisko vielu akumulācija, iedzīvotāju zināšanas., hazardous chemicals, HBM4EU, emission sources, accumulation of chemicals, population knowledge.