Medicīnisko atkritumu apsaimniekošanas īpatnības dažādās valstīs
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Date
2024
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Volume Title
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Atslēgas vārdi: medicīniskie atkritumi, atkritumu apsaimniekošana, dažādu valstu pieeja bīstamajiem atkritumiem.
Ievads: Pētnieciskā darba hipotēze tika izvirzīta, ka valstīs ar zemākiem ienākumiem, atkritumu apsaimniekošana netiek veikta atbilstoši rekomendācijām par drošu bioloģiskā piesārņojuma novēršanu un videi draudzīgu pieeju. Atkritumu apsaimniekošana jaunattīstības valstīs sagādā problēmas ierobežotu resursu dēļ, tādēļ bīstamie atkritumi, bez atbilstošas sterilizācijas nonākt vidē, piesārņojot to gan mehāniski, gan bioloģiski. Vairāki pētījumi pierāda, ka veselības atkritumu apsaimniekošanas kvalitāte korelē ar valsts kopējo ekonomisko situāciju un iedzīvotāju finansiālo stāvokli.
Mērķis: Izpētīt atkritumu utilizēšanas veidus dažādās valstīs, analizējot utilizēšanas nepilnības un identificēt iespējas uzlabot esošo situāciju.
Secinājumi: Balstoties uz analizēto literatūru un pieejamajiem datiem, darba autors secina, ka pētījuma hipotēze ir apstiprinājusies, vairāki pētījumi pierāda, ka jaunattīstības valstīs bīstamo atkritumu apsaimniekošana nav regulēta un uzraudzīta, bet gan katras veselības aprūpes iestādes pašiniciatīva, visbiežāk atkritumi tiek utilizēti turpat slimnīcas teritorijā, bieži netiek veikta to droša sterilizācija, jo valstis nespēj to atļauties.
Keywords: medical waste, waste management, hazardous waste treatment in different countries, Introduction: The research hypothesis was that in lower-income countries, waste management is not in line with recommendations for safe prevention of biological pollution and environmental approaches. Waste management in developing countries is problematic due to limited resources, therefore hazardous wastes without proper sterilization end up in the environment, contaminating it both mechanically and biologically. Several studies have shown that the quality of health waste management correlates with the overall economic situation of a country and the financial situation of its population. Objective: To study waste disposal patterns in different countries, analysing gaps in disposal and identifying opportunities to improve the current situation. Conclusions: Based on the literature analysed and the available data, it can be concluded that the hypothesis of the study has been confirmed, as several studies have shown that in developing countries the management of hazardous waste is the initiative of each health facility and that most often waste is disposed of on the hospital premises, often without safe sterilisation because countries cannot afford it.
Keywords: medical waste, waste management, hazardous waste treatment in different countries, Introduction: The research hypothesis was that in lower-income countries, waste management is not in line with recommendations for safe prevention of biological pollution and environmental approaches. Waste management in developing countries is problematic due to limited resources, therefore hazardous wastes without proper sterilization end up in the environment, contaminating it both mechanically and biologically. Several studies have shown that the quality of health waste management correlates with the overall economic situation of a country and the financial situation of its population. Objective: To study waste disposal patterns in different countries, analysing gaps in disposal and identifying opportunities to improve the current situation. Conclusions: Based on the literature analysed and the available data, it can be concluded that the hypothesis of the study has been confirmed, as several studies have shown that in developing countries the management of hazardous waste is the initiative of each health facility and that most often waste is disposed of on the hospital premises, often without safe sterilisation because countries cannot afford it.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Medicīniskie atkritumi, atkritumu apsaimniekošana, dažādu valstu pieeja bīstamajiem atkritumiem., Medical waste, waste management, hazardous waste treatment in different countries.