Tobacco Smoke as a Risk Factor in the Pathogenesis of Stroke: An Updated Environmental Medicine Perspective
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Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
KOPSAVILKUMS
Ievads: Smēķēšana ir sen zināms daudzu veselības problēmu novēršams riska faktors. Lai gan ir pietiekami daudz informācijas par smēķēšanas negatīvu ietekmi uz veselību, tabakas izstrādājumu lietošana visā pasaulē joprojām ir ļoti augsta. Ir sen pierādīta smēķēšanas korelācija ar kardiovaskulāriem un cerebrovaskulāriem notikumiem. Ceturtdaļa no visiem cerebrāliem infarktiem ir saistīta ar smēķēšanu.
Mērķis: Šī literatūras apraksta mērķis ir izolēt smēķēšanu kā riska faktoru un izpētīt tā lomu cerebrālā infarkta attīstībā.
Materiāli un metodes: Šis pētījums ir literatūras apraksts, izmantojot aktuālos rakstus, kohorta pētījumus, klīniskos gadījumus, kuros konstatēta stipra asociācija starp smēķēšanu un cerebrālā infarkta attīstības risku. Ar tēmu saistītie atslēgvārdi ievadīti datubāzēs: PubMed, BMJ, ResearchGate un Google Scholar.
Secinājumi: Korelācija starp smēķēšanu un cerebrālā infarkta attīstību ir devas atkarīga. Smēķēšanas atmešanai cerebrālā infarkta attīstības riska mazināšanā ir fundamentāla loma - indivīdiem, kas atmet smēķēšanu, cerebrālā infarkta risks var samazināties 5-15 reizēs. Līdz ar to, cerebrālā infarkta riska mazināšanai ir nepieciešams koncentrēties uz preventīvām un atbalsta metodēm.
Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking is a known and very well-established preventable risk factor causing multiple adverse health problems. Even though the general increased knowledge of cigarette smoking and its negative impact on health, consumption of tobacco remains dauntingly stable-high worldwide. Tobacco smoking has been documented to strongly correlate with cardiovascular events and stroke. One fourth of all stroke events are assessed to be associated with cigarette smoking. Objectives: The aim/goal of this literature review is to isolate tobacco smoking as a risk factor and understand and emphasize its negative effects on health and especially accentuate its role in stroke development. Method: Simple literature review with data collection focusing on established and recent articles, cohort studies, case studies, meta-analysis, and review articles where there is strong association between smoking and stroke development. Keywords relevant for the topic was searched in following databases; PubMed, BMJ, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Conclusion: The established correlation between tobacco smoking and stroke development is in a dose-dependent manner. Smoking cessation has a fundamental role in decreasing the risk of stroke development where it is proposed that the risk can be decreased to never-smoker levels by five to fifteen years upon cessation. Consequently, it is of strong interest to focus on improvement of preventive measures, support and enhance methods for smoking cessation as an objective for disease prevention.
Abstract Background: Cigarette smoking is a known and very well-established preventable risk factor causing multiple adverse health problems. Even though the general increased knowledge of cigarette smoking and its negative impact on health, consumption of tobacco remains dauntingly stable-high worldwide. Tobacco smoking has been documented to strongly correlate with cardiovascular events and stroke. One fourth of all stroke events are assessed to be associated with cigarette smoking. Objectives: The aim/goal of this literature review is to isolate tobacco smoking as a risk factor and understand and emphasize its negative effects on health and especially accentuate its role in stroke development. Method: Simple literature review with data collection focusing on established and recent articles, cohort studies, case studies, meta-analysis, and review articles where there is strong association between smoking and stroke development. Keywords relevant for the topic was searched in following databases; PubMed, BMJ, ResearchGate and Google Scholar. Conclusion: The established correlation between tobacco smoking and stroke development is in a dose-dependent manner. Smoking cessation has a fundamental role in decreasing the risk of stroke development where it is proposed that the risk can be decreased to never-smoker levels by five to fifteen years upon cessation. Consequently, it is of strong interest to focus on improvement of preventive measures, support and enhance methods for smoking cessation as an objective for disease prevention.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Tabakas dūmi, i nsulta, Tobacco Smoke, stroke