The Price of Human Evolution : Cancer-Testis Antigens, the Decline in Male Fertility and the Increase in Cancer

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dc.contributor.authorĒrenpreisa, Jekaterina
dc.contributor.authorVainshelbaum, Ninel Miriam
dc.contributor.authorLazovska, Marija
dc.contributor.authorKārkliņš, Roberts
dc.contributor.authorSalmina, Kristine
dc.contributor.authorZayakin, Pawel
dc.contributor.authorRumnieks, Felikss
dc.contributor.authorInashkina, Inna
dc.contributor.authorPjanova, Dace
dc.contributor.authorĒrenpreiss, Juris
dc.contributor.institutionScientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics
dc.date.accessioned2023-08-15T08:15:01Z
dc.date.available2023-08-15T08:15:01Z
dc.date.issued2023-07
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractThe increasing frequency of general and particularly male cancer coupled with the reduction in male fertility seen worldwide motivated us to seek a potential evolutionary link between these two phenomena, concerning the reproductive transcriptional modules observed in cancer and the expression of cancer-testis antigens (CTA). The phylostratigraphy analysis of the human genome allowed us to link the early evolutionary origin of cancer via the reproductive life cycles of the unicellulars and early multicellulars, potentially driving soma-germ transition, female meiosis, and the parthenogenesis of polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), with the expansion of the CTA multi-families, very late during their evolution. CTA adaptation was aided by retrovirus domestication in the unstable genomes of mammals, for protecting male fertility in stress conditions, particularly that of humans, as compensation for the energy consumption of a large complex brain which also exploited retrotransposition. We found that the early and late evolutionary branches of human cancer are united by the immunity-proto-placental network, which evolved in the Cambrian and shares stress regulators with the finely-tuned sex determination system. We further propose that social stress and endocrine disruption caused by environmental pollution with organic materials, which alter sex determination in male foetuses and further spermatogenesis in adults, bias the development of PGCC-parthenogenetic cancer by default.en
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent8212932
dc.identifier.citationĒrenpreisa, J, Vainshelbaum, N M, Lazovska, M, Kārkliņš, R, Salmina, K, Zayakin, P, Rumnieks, F, Inashkina, I, Pjanova, D & Ērenpreiss, J 2023, 'The Price of Human Evolution : Cancer-Testis Antigens, the Decline in Male Fertility and the Increase in Cancer', International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 24, no. 14, 11660. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411660
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijms241411660
dc.identifier.issn1661-6596
dc.identifier.otherMendeley: ddcfece2-1a0b-3240-912c-464771aba228
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.rsu.lv/jspui/handle/123456789/14839
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85166025296&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.identifier.urlhttps://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ddcfece2-1a0b-3240-912c-464771aba228/
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectcancer-testis antigens
dc.subjectendocrine disruption
dc.subjectendogenous retroviruses
dc.subjectenvironmental pollution
dc.subjectgenome fragility
dc.subjectinnate immunity placentation
dc.subjectmale infertility
dc.subjectparthenogenetic
dc.subjectPGCCs
dc.subjectphylostratigraphic analysis
dc.subjectpolyploid giant cancer cells
dc.subjectsex determination
dc.subject1.6 Biological sciences
dc.subject3.1 Basic medicine
dc.subject1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database
dc.subjectCatalysis
dc.subjectMolecular Biology
dc.subjectSpectroscopy
dc.subjectComputer Science Applications
dc.subjectPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
dc.subjectOrganic Chemistry
dc.subjectInorganic Chemistry
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
dc.subjectSDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy
dc.subjectSDG 12 - Responsible Consumption and Production
dc.titleThe Price of Human Evolution : Cancer-Testis Antigens, the Decline in Male Fertility and the Increase in Canceren
dc.type/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/systematicreview

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