Pacientu ar cukura diabētu izpratne par pēdu veselību un pēdu pašaprūpi
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2020
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Pēdu aprūpe un izpratne par to ir ļoti svarīgā, jo komplikācijas, kas seko neadekvātai pēdu pašaprūpei var ietekmēt dzīves kvalitāti un sliktākajā variantā novests pie ekstremitāšu vai to daļu amputācijas, kā arī pie nāves. Bet, adekvāti aprūpējot savas pēdas un, sekojot pēdu veselībai, var mazināt komplikāciju rašanos iemeslus. Tāpēc mana darba mērķis bija noskaidrot izpratni par pēdu veselību un pēdu pašaprūpes praksi diabēta slimnieku populācijā.
Lai sasniegtu darba mērķi, tika izvirzīti sekojoši uzdevumi: apkopot un analizēt informāciju par pēdu veselību un pašaprūpi; izstrādāt pētījuma instrumentu – anketu; veikt pētījumu un apkopot iegūtos rezultātus un izstrādāt secinājumus.
Darbs sastāvēja no divām daļām: literatūras apskata un pētījuma. Literatūras apskata daļā tiek apskatīta informācija par: cukura diabēta attīstības patoģenēzi; cukura diabēta komplikācijām: diabētisko pēdu, angiopātiju, neiropātiju un čūlu, apakšējo ekstremitāšu un to daļu amputācijām; Latvijas statistiku par cukura diabētu un komplikācijām; ikdienas pēdu pārbaudi un aprūpi; aprūpes iespējām pie speciālista un fizisko aktivitāšu ietekmi uz komplikāciju mazināšu un profilaksi.
Pētījuma daļā tiek apkopota un analizēta respondentu sniegtā informācija par pēdu veselību un pēdu pašaprūpes praksi. Analizētas tika 58 respondentu anketas, no tām 76 % bija aizpildījušas sievietes, 62% bija I tipa cukura diabēts un 12 % II tipa. Aktīvāk anketas aizpildīja respondenti vecuma grupās no 18-29 (36 %) un 30-49 (36 %). Izvērtējot respondentu sniegtās atbildes par pēdu pašaprūpes aktivitātēm tikai 24 % respondentu paši pārbaudīja savas pēdas regulāri (5-7 dienas), 52 % pēdas pārbauda 1-4 dienas un 24 % to nebija darījuši nevienu dienu. Pēdas mazgāja regulāri 64 %, un 36 % to darīja 1-4 dienas nedēļā. Talka pūderi, lai uzturētu pēdas sausas, ne reizi nebija lietojuši 86 % un tikai 5 % to darīja regulāri. Apavos, pirms to uzvilkšanas, ieskatījās 21% respondentu 5-7 dienas, bet 41% un 38% attiecīgi to neveica nevienu dienu vai 1-4 dienām. Kājas regulāri mērcēja 12 %, 45% to darīja 1-4 dienas nedēļā un 43 % respondentu to nedarīja nevienu dienu.
Veicot pētījumu, darba mērķis – noskaidrot izpratni par pēdu veselību un pēdu pašaprūpes praksi diabēta slimnieku populācijā – tiek sasniegts daļēji, jo iegūtie dati neatspoguļo diabēta slimnieku populāciju, bet tikai pētījuma izlasi. Un uz pētījuma jautājumu tiek iegūta daļēja atbilde – ka izpratne par pēdu veselību un pēdu pašaprūpes praksi pētījuma izlasei ir zema.
Foot care and awareness are very important because complications following inadequate foot self-care can affect quality of life and, in the worst case, lead to amputation of extremities or parts thereof and death. By adequately looking at your feet and following foot health, the causes of complications may be reduced. So my job was to clarify the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices in the diabetes patients’ population. In order to achieve the objectives of the work, the following objectives were identified: collecting and analyzing information on foot health and self-care; developing a study tool – a questionnaire; conducting a study and collecting the results obtained and drawing up conclusions. The work consists parts of literature survey and study. Part of the literature survey looks at information on: development of diabetes mellitus pathogenesis; diabetes complications: diabetic foot, angiopathy, neuropathy, ulcers and amputations; Latvian statistics on diabetes mellitus and complications; day-to-day foot testing and care; opportunities for care at specialist and physical activity to reduce the impact of complications and prevention. The part of the study summaries and analyses the information provided by respondents on foot health and foot self-care practices. A total of 58 respondents' questionnaires were analyzed, of which 76% were completed by women, 62% were Type I diabetes and 12% Type II. More active questionnaires were completed by respondents in age groups 18-29 (36%) and 30-49 (36%). When assessing respondents' responses to foot self-care activities, only 24% of respondents checked their feet regularly (5-7 days), 52% checked for 1-4 days, and 24% of respondents had not done it on. The feet washed regularly 64% and 36% did 1-4 days a week. Talc powder to keep their feet dry had not taken 86% and only 5% did so regularly. In the footwear, 21% of responders were looking in for 5-7 days, while 41% and 38% did not do it for any day or 1-4 days, respectively. Legs regularly dipped 12%, 45% did it 1-4 days a week and 43% of respondents didn't do it any day. In conducting the study, the goal of work – to clarify the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices in the diabetes population – is achieved in part because the data obtained do not reflect the population of diabetes patients, but only the sample of the study. And the study question gets a partial answer: that the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices for study favorites is poor.
Foot care and awareness are very important because complications following inadequate foot self-care can affect quality of life and, in the worst case, lead to amputation of extremities or parts thereof and death. By adequately looking at your feet and following foot health, the causes of complications may be reduced. So my job was to clarify the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices in the diabetes patients’ population. In order to achieve the objectives of the work, the following objectives were identified: collecting and analyzing information on foot health and self-care; developing a study tool – a questionnaire; conducting a study and collecting the results obtained and drawing up conclusions. The work consists parts of literature survey and study. Part of the literature survey looks at information on: development of diabetes mellitus pathogenesis; diabetes complications: diabetic foot, angiopathy, neuropathy, ulcers and amputations; Latvian statistics on diabetes mellitus and complications; day-to-day foot testing and care; opportunities for care at specialist and physical activity to reduce the impact of complications and prevention. The part of the study summaries and analyses the information provided by respondents on foot health and foot self-care practices. A total of 58 respondents' questionnaires were analyzed, of which 76% were completed by women, 62% were Type I diabetes and 12% Type II. More active questionnaires were completed by respondents in age groups 18-29 (36%) and 30-49 (36%). When assessing respondents' responses to foot self-care activities, only 24% of respondents checked their feet regularly (5-7 days), 52% checked for 1-4 days, and 24% of respondents had not done it on. The feet washed regularly 64% and 36% did 1-4 days a week. Talc powder to keep their feet dry had not taken 86% and only 5% did so regularly. In the footwear, 21% of responders were looking in for 5-7 days, while 41% and 38% did not do it for any day or 1-4 days, respectively. Legs regularly dipped 12%, 45% did it 1-4 days a week and 43% of respondents didn't do it any day. In conducting the study, the goal of work – to clarify the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices in the diabetes population – is achieved in part because the data obtained do not reflect the population of diabetes patients, but only the sample of the study. And the study question gets a partial answer: that the awareness of foot health and foot self-care practices for study favorites is poor.
Description
Fizioterapija
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Physiotherapy
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
cukura diabēts, pēdu aprūpe, diabētiskā pēda, pēdu veselība un čūla, diabetes, foot care, diabetic foot, foot health and ulcer