Malnutrīcijas risks plaušu vēža pacientiem Latvijā
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads un teorētiskais pamatojums: Onkoloģiska saslimšana ir otrs galvenais nāves cēlonis visā pasaulē. Kā viens no pavadošiem stāvokļiem, kas var attīstīties gan dēļ terapijas, gan agresīvas slimības gaitas, gan arī citu faktoru dēļ, ir malnutrīcija. Pēc dažādu pētījumu datiem 37-77% plaušu vēža slimnieku kādā ārstēšanas stadijā saskaras ar malnutrīciju. Malnutrīcija ir saistīta ar vispārēju zemāku funkcionālo statusu, samazinātu kaulu masu, imūnās sistēmas disfunkciju, pasliktinātu dzīšanu un sarežģītu pēc-operācijas periodu, biežāku hospitalizēšanu un re-hospitalizēšanu, augstāku saslimstību un mirstību. Malnutrīcijas diagnostika, novēršana un savlaicīga ārstēšana var ne tikai uzlabot ķermeņa uzbūvi, funkcionalitāti un dzīves kvalitāti, bet arī mazināt simptomus un pagarināt dzīvildzi, kā arī palīdzēt vieglāk pārciest terapiju.
Pētījuma mērķis: Veikt malnutrīcijas skrīningu un izvērtēt uztura nepietiekamību ietekmējošos riska faktorus plaušu vēža pacientiem Latvijā.
Pētījuma metodoloģija: Pētījumā tika iekļauti plaušu vēža slimnieki, kas reģistrēti Latvijas ļaundabīgo slimību reģistrā. Pacienti pētījuma ietvaros aizpildīja divas anketas: “Onkoloģisko pacientu uztura pašnovērtējuma anketu” (PG-SGA) un šim pētījumam speciāli veidotu anketu par pacienta demogrāfiskiem datiem, slimības stadiju un terapiju, kas šobrīd tiek saņemta.
Secinājumi: 69.2% Latvijas plaušu vēža slimnieku ir ar malnutrīciju, bet 95% - ar uztura nepietiekamību. Lielāks risks šīm komplikācijām ir vecākiem pacientiem ar vēlīnāku onkoloģisko procesa stadiju, tikai simptomātisku ārstēšanu un svara zudumu vismaz 5% pēdējo sešu mēnešu laikā. Malnutrīcija var būt arī cilvēkiem ar normālu ĶMI.
Atslēgas vārdi: malnutrīcija, plaušu vēzis
Introduction and background: Oncological diseases are the second cause of death worldwide. A common complication that can manifest due to therapy, an aggressive disease course, or other factors in oncological patients is malnutrition. According to different literature data 37-77% percent of lung cancer patients experience malnutrition at some point in their disease. Malnutrition is associated with lower general functioning, lower bone mass, immune system dysfunction, slower healing and long post-operative period, increased rate of hospitalisation and re-hospitalisation, as well as higher morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing, preventing and early treatment of malnutrition could improve body composition, functioning, and life quality, reduce unpleasant symptoms and increase survival, as well as ease living during the therapy. Aim: To perform a malnutrition screening and to evaluate the risk factors for dietary insufficiency in Latvian lung cancer patients. Methodology: In this research lung cancer patients who had been registered in Latvian oncology register were included. To participate patients had to fill two questionnaires: “Patient-generated subjective global assessment” (PG-SGA) and a questionnaire developed specifically for this research, collecting information about patient’s demographic data, stage of the disease and currently received therapy. Conclusion: 69.2% of Latvian lung cancer patients have malnutrition, but 95% - dietary insufficiency. The greatest risk for these complications – malnutition is for those being older, having an advanced disease, undergoing only symptomatic therapy and having lost at least 5% of body weight in the last six months. Even patients with a normal BMI can experience malnutrition. Key words: malnutrition, lung cancer
Introduction and background: Oncological diseases are the second cause of death worldwide. A common complication that can manifest due to therapy, an aggressive disease course, or other factors in oncological patients is malnutrition. According to different literature data 37-77% percent of lung cancer patients experience malnutrition at some point in their disease. Malnutrition is associated with lower general functioning, lower bone mass, immune system dysfunction, slower healing and long post-operative period, increased rate of hospitalisation and re-hospitalisation, as well as higher morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing, preventing and early treatment of malnutrition could improve body composition, functioning, and life quality, reduce unpleasant symptoms and increase survival, as well as ease living during the therapy. Aim: To perform a malnutrition screening and to evaluate the risk factors for dietary insufficiency in Latvian lung cancer patients. Methodology: In this research lung cancer patients who had been registered in Latvian oncology register were included. To participate patients had to fill two questionnaires: “Patient-generated subjective global assessment” (PG-SGA) and a questionnaire developed specifically for this research, collecting information about patient’s demographic data, stage of the disease and currently received therapy. Conclusion: 69.2% of Latvian lung cancer patients have malnutrition, but 95% - dietary insufficiency. The greatest risk for these complications – malnutition is for those being older, having an advanced disease, undergoing only symptomatic therapy and having lost at least 5% of body weight in the last six months. Even patients with a normal BMI can experience malnutrition. Key words: malnutrition, lung cancer
Description
Māszinības (ar specializāciju Internās aprūpes māsa)
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Atslēgas vārdi: malnutrīcija, plaušu vēzis, Key words: malnutrition, lung cancer