Viedtelefona lietošanas ietekme uz cilvēka reakcijas ātrumu uz ārējiem stimuliem un gaitu pieaugušajiem vecumā no 18 – 30 gadiem
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darba mērķis bija izpētīt un veikt pētījumu par tēmu Viedtelefona lietošanas ietekme uz cilvēka reakcijas ātrumu uz ārējiem stimuliem un gaitu pieaugušajiem, vecumā no 18 – 30 gadiem. Tika izstrādāti trīs pētījuma jautājumi – “Vai un kā viedtālruņa lietošana ietekmē cilvēka spēju reaģēt uz ārējiem stimuliem?”, “Vai pastāv atšķirības cilvēka gaitā, lietojot viedtelefonu un nelietojot?”, “Vai daudz kļūdaini soļi tika sperti, lietojot viedtelefonu un nelietojot?”.
Pētījuma jautājumi ir balstīti uz to, ka iekļaujoties satiksmē un izmantojot viedtelefonu, palielinās reakcijas ātrums un cilvēkam ir nepieciešams ilgāks laiks, lai reaģētu uz notiekošajiem notikumiem satiksmē. Atbildes reakcija ir ātrāka uz stimuliem, kuri intensīvāki, taču iekļaujoties satiksmē ir nepieciešam pievērst uzmanību daudziem stimuliem vienlaicīgi un viedtelefons var bloķēt stimulu uztveršanu (Kosinski, 2008). Lietojot viedtālruņus palēlinās cilvēka reakcijas ātrums, kas nozīme, ka cilvēkam pēc viedtālruņu lietošanas ir grūtāk atgriezt uzmanību iepriekšējām vai jaunām darbībām. Protams, ir nepieciešams ņemt vērā viedtālruņa lietošanas ilgumu un intensitāti, taču arī pēc nelielas ietekmes tiek ietekmēti cilvēka kognitīvie procesi (Kurtzberg, 2019).
Pētījumā piedalījās 27 dalībnieki (M = 23,33) vecumā no 18 līdz 29 gadiem (24 sievietes un 3 vīrieši). Pētījuma dalībnieki tika izvēlēti, balstoties uz demogrāfisko datu anketā sniegtajiem datiem un tika analizēta viedtālruņa lietošanas pieredze, vecums, lai nodrošinātu katram dalībniekam pēc iespējas vienādākus pētījuma apstākļus. Pētījums tika veikts, izmantojot pielāgotu protokola versiju no iepriekš veikta pētījuma (Haga et al., 2015). Pētījuma apstākļi tika veidoti kvadrātveida distance, kuras parametri bija 3 x 3 metri. Pētījumā tika mainīti ārējie stimuli un stimulu biežums. Dalībniekiem bija nepieciešams staigāt par iepriekš izveidotu kvadrātveida distanci, gan izmantojot viedtelefonu, gan bez tā.
Pēc pētījumā iegūtajiem rezultātiem, secināts, ka viedtelefona lietošana ietekmē cilvēka reakcijas ātrumu, kā arī novērotas izmaiņas cilvēka gaitā. Lielāka saistība starp viedtelefona lietošanu un reakcijas ātrumu novērota situācijās, kad dalībniekiem bija nepieciešams veikt uzdevumus, kura laikā bija jāieskatās viedtelefona ekrānā.
Pētījums tika veikts pēc eksperimentālā dizaina un šāda veida pētījumi ir reti, tādēļ dotais pētījums dod jaunu zinātnisku pētījumu uz kura iegūtajiem rezultātiem un secinājumiem ir iespējams balstīt nākamos pētījumus, lai izpētītu mainīgo saistības citos apstākļos, lai pārliecinātos par izstrādātajiem secinājumiem.
The aim of the bachelor`s thesis was to research scentific literature and conduct study about topic Effects of the use of smartphone on reaction time to external stimuli and pace in adults aged 18 – 30. Three research were developed: “Does and how does the use of a smartphone affect a person`s ability to respond to external stimuli”, “Are there any differences in pace while using and not using a smartphone?”, “Are there many wrong steps in pace while using a smarthphone?”. The research questions are based on the fact that while person is getting into traffic and using a smartphone it increases the speed of response and a person needs more time to react to ongoing events in traffic. The response is faster to more intense stimuli, but when entering traffic, it is necessary to pay attention to many stimuli at the same time, and a smartphone can block the perception of stimuli (Kosinski, 2008). Using smartphones slows down the speed of a person's reaction, which means that it is more difficult for a person to return attention to previous or new activities after using smartphones. Of course, it is necessary to pay attention to account the duration and intensity of smartphone use, but even after a small effect, human cognitive processes are affected (Kurtzberg, 2019). The study involved 27 participants (M = 23.33) aged 18 to 29 years (24 women and 3 men). Participants were selected on the basis of the data provided in the demographic data questionnaire - the experience of using the smartphone and age, in order to ensure as equal a study conditions as possible for each participant. The study was conducted using a customized version of the protocol from a previous study (Haga et al., 2015). The conditions of the study were formed as a square distance, the parameters of which were 3 x 3 meters. The study changed external stimuli and the frequency of stimuli. Participants needed to walk a pre-established square distance, both with and without a smartphone. According to the results, it was concluded that the use of a smartphone affects the rate of human response, as well as changes in the course of a person. A bigger correlation was between the use of a smartphone and the reaction time was in situations where participants had to perform tasks that required them to look at the smartphone screen. The study was conducted after an experimental design and this type of study is rare, so this study provides a new scientific study. Future studies may be based on the results and conclusions of that study
The aim of the bachelor`s thesis was to research scentific literature and conduct study about topic Effects of the use of smartphone on reaction time to external stimuli and pace in adults aged 18 – 30. Three research were developed: “Does and how does the use of a smartphone affect a person`s ability to respond to external stimuli”, “Are there any differences in pace while using and not using a smartphone?”, “Are there many wrong steps in pace while using a smarthphone?”. The research questions are based on the fact that while person is getting into traffic and using a smartphone it increases the speed of response and a person needs more time to react to ongoing events in traffic. The response is faster to more intense stimuli, but when entering traffic, it is necessary to pay attention to many stimuli at the same time, and a smartphone can block the perception of stimuli (Kosinski, 2008). Using smartphones slows down the speed of a person's reaction, which means that it is more difficult for a person to return attention to previous or new activities after using smartphones. Of course, it is necessary to pay attention to account the duration and intensity of smartphone use, but even after a small effect, human cognitive processes are affected (Kurtzberg, 2019). The study involved 27 participants (M = 23.33) aged 18 to 29 years (24 women and 3 men). Participants were selected on the basis of the data provided in the demographic data questionnaire - the experience of using the smartphone and age, in order to ensure as equal a study conditions as possible for each participant. The study was conducted using a customized version of the protocol from a previous study (Haga et al., 2015). The conditions of the study were formed as a square distance, the parameters of which were 3 x 3 meters. The study changed external stimuli and the frequency of stimuli. Participants needed to walk a pre-established square distance, both with and without a smartphone. According to the results, it was concluded that the use of a smartphone affects the rate of human response, as well as changes in the course of a person. A bigger correlation was between the use of a smartphone and the reaction time was in situations where participants had to perform tasks that required them to look at the smartphone screen. The study was conducted after an experimental design and this type of study is rare, so this study provides a new scientific study. Future studies may be based on the results and conclusions of that study
Description
Psiholoģija
Psychology
Psiholoģija
Psychology
Psychology
Psiholoģija
Psychology
Keywords
gaita, soļu skaits, reakcijas ātrumus, viedtelefons, number of steps, pace, smartphone, reaction time