Saskarsmes tiesību ierobežošanas problemātika
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darbā “Saskarsmes tiesības ierobežošanas problemātika” ir izpētīts kādos gadījumos tiek ierobežota saskarsmes tiesība, kas ir viena no cilvēka pamattiesībām – tiesībām uz ģimenes dzīves neaizskaramību. Saskarsmes tiesības būtība ir bērna tiesība uzturēt personiskas attiecības un tiešu kontaktu ar ģimeni, ja bērns nedzīvo kopā ar kādu no ģimenes locekļiem vai ir šķirts no ģimenes, kā arī vecāka, kurš dzīvo šķirti no bērna, tiesība un pienākums uzturēt personiskas attiecības un tiešu kontaktu ar bērnu. Saskarsmes tiesībai ir jāatbilst bērna vislabākajām interesēm. Ja saskarsmes laikā tiek pārkāptas bērna tiesības un intereses, saskarsmes tiesību var ierobežot tiesa vai bāriņtiesa.
Pēdējo gadu laikā aizvien vairāk un atklātāk tiek runāts par bērna tiesību ievērošanu, cīņu pret dažāda veida vardarbību ģimenē, skolā, digitālajā vidē, ārpusģimenes aprūpē, kā arī tiek risināti jautājumi par bērna tiesībām uzaugt ģimeniskā vidē.
Bakalaura darba mērķis ir izpētot saskarsmes tiesības ierobežošanas tiesisko regulējumu un tiesu praksi, konstatēt problēmjautājumus un izvirzīt priekšlikumus tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveidošanai.
Bakalaura darbā izpētīti normatīvie akti, kas regulē saskarsmes tiesības, analizēti tiesu un bāriņtiesu nolēmumi, ar kuriem tiek ierobežotas saskarsmes tiesības vienam vai abiem vecākiem. Analizējot nolēmumus, secināts, ka atsevišķas tiesību normas saskarsmes tiesības tiek atšķirīgi piemērots (interpretēts), t.i., netiek pietiekami izvērtēti visi uz lietas izskatīšanas brīdi pastāvošie apstākļi, netiek ievērots samērīguma princips, taisnīgs līdzsvars starp bērna tiesību un interešu aizsardzību un saskarsmes tiesībām ar bērnam tuviem cilvēkiem, kas noved pie kļūdaina nolēmuma pieņemšanas. Pastāv iespēja, ka jautājumi, kas skar bērnu, tiek lemti gan civiltiesiskā, gan administratīvā kārtībā vienlaicīgi, kas padara jau tā sarežģīto saskarsmes tiesības ierobežošanas piemērošanas vai atcelšanas lemšanu vēl ilgstošāku, pat vairāku gadu garumā. Lietu izskatīšanas laikā mainās gan apstākļi, gan pamats saskarsmes tiesības ierobežošanai.
Pētnieciskā darba rezultātā autore secina, ka ir nepieciešams precizēt atsevišķas jau spēkā esošās tiesību normas, kas regulē saskarsmes tiesības, sniegt priekšlikumus ātrākai lietu izskatīšanai jautājumos, kas skar bērnu tiesību un interešu ievērošanu un aizsardzību.
Bakalaura darba apjoms ir 51 lpp., izmantoti 42 literatūras avoti – Latvijas Republikas normatīvie akti, starptautiskie normatīvie akti, Latvijas Republikas Augstākās tiesas sniegtās atziņas, judikatūra, tiesu un bāriņtiesu lēmumi, vadlīnijas bērnu tiesību aizsardzības iestādēm, dažādi juridiskie skaidrojumi, statistikas dati.
Atslēgvārdi: saskarsmes tiesība; ierobežošana; bērna intereses un tiesības; vislabākās intereses; tiesvedība; bāriņtiesas atzinums.
The bachelor`a thesis “Problems of Restricting the Rights of Access” investigates in which cases the right of access is restricted, which is one of the fundamental human rights – the rights to inviolability of family life. The rights of access is the child`s right to maintain a personal relationship and direct contact with the family if the child does not live with a family member o ris separated from the family, as well as the right and obligation of a parent living apart from the child to maintain a personal relationship and direct contact with the child. The exercise of the right of access must be in the best interests of the child. If the rights and interests of the child are violated during communication, the right of access may be restricted by a court or an orphan`s court. In recent years, there has been more and more open talk about respect for the rights of the child, the fight against various forms of domestic, school, digital, out-of-home care, as well as the issue of the child`s right to grow up in a supportive environment. The aim of bachelor`s thesis is to study the legal regulation and court practice of restricting the rights of access, to identifu problems and to put forward proposals for the improvement of the legal regulation. The bachelor`s thesis will study the regulatory enactments that regulate the right of access, analyze court and orphan`s court rulings that restict access rights to one or both parents. Examining the rulings, it has been established that the legal framework in force for restricting the right of access is applied (interpreted) differently, not all circumstances existinh at the time ofthe case are sufficiently assessed, the principle of proportionality, fair balance between protection of the child`s rights and interests and access rights people leading to an erroneous decision. There is a possibility that the issues affecting the child are decided in both civil and administrative procedures at the same time, which makes the already difficult decision on apply or lift the restriction of the right of access even longer, even for several years. During the examination of cases, both the circumstances and the grounds for restricting the rights of access change. As a result of the research work, the author concludes that it is necessary to clarify certain legal normas that already regulate the right of access, to provide proposals for faster processing of case in matters concerning the observance and protection of children`s right and interests. The volume of the bachelor`s thesis is 51 pages, 42 literature sources are used – normative acts Republic of Latvia, international normative acts, findings of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Latvia, case law, court and orpfanage decisions, guidelines for children`s rights protection institutions, various legal explanations, statistical data. Keywords: right of access; restriction; the interests and rights of the child; best interests; litigation; orphans court opini
The bachelor`a thesis “Problems of Restricting the Rights of Access” investigates in which cases the right of access is restricted, which is one of the fundamental human rights – the rights to inviolability of family life. The rights of access is the child`s right to maintain a personal relationship and direct contact with the family if the child does not live with a family member o ris separated from the family, as well as the right and obligation of a parent living apart from the child to maintain a personal relationship and direct contact with the child. The exercise of the right of access must be in the best interests of the child. If the rights and interests of the child are violated during communication, the right of access may be restricted by a court or an orphan`s court. In recent years, there has been more and more open talk about respect for the rights of the child, the fight against various forms of domestic, school, digital, out-of-home care, as well as the issue of the child`s right to grow up in a supportive environment. The aim of bachelor`s thesis is to study the legal regulation and court practice of restricting the rights of access, to identifu problems and to put forward proposals for the improvement of the legal regulation. The bachelor`s thesis will study the regulatory enactments that regulate the right of access, analyze court and orphan`s court rulings that restict access rights to one or both parents. Examining the rulings, it has been established that the legal framework in force for restricting the right of access is applied (interpreted) differently, not all circumstances existinh at the time ofthe case are sufficiently assessed, the principle of proportionality, fair balance between protection of the child`s rights and interests and access rights people leading to an erroneous decision. There is a possibility that the issues affecting the child are decided in both civil and administrative procedures at the same time, which makes the already difficult decision on apply or lift the restriction of the right of access even longer, even for several years. During the examination of cases, both the circumstances and the grounds for restricting the rights of access change. As a result of the research work, the author concludes that it is necessary to clarify certain legal normas that already regulate the right of access, to provide proposals for faster processing of case in matters concerning the observance and protection of children`s right and interests. The volume of the bachelor`s thesis is 51 pages, 42 literature sources are used – normative acts Republic of Latvia, international normative acts, findings of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Latvia, case law, court and orpfanage decisions, guidelines for children`s rights protection institutions, various legal explanations, statistical data. Keywords: right of access; restriction; the interests and rights of the child; best interests; litigation; orphans court opini
Description
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Keywords
saskarsmes tiesība; ierobežošana; bērna intereses un tiesības; vislabākās intereses; tiesvedība; bāriņtiesas atzinums, right of access; restriction; the interests and rights of the child; best interests; litigation; orphans court opinion