Occupational Disorders of Welders in Latvia
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Ievads: metinātāji Latvijā un visā pasaulē ir būtiska darbaspēka daļa un veic būtiskus darbus un dod zināšanas gandrīz katram ar rūpniecību un darba vidi saistītiem darbiem. Metinātāji, strādā dažāda veida metālapstrādes nozarēs, sākot ar metālapstrādi transporta būvniecībā, piemēram, automobiļi, lidmašīnas, kuģi un velosipēdi, līdz pat dažādu ēku inženiertehnisko sistēmu nodrošināšanai un remontam. Dažādās darba vietās metinātāji saskaras ar daudziem dažādiem darba apdraudējumiem, kas var izraisīt arodslimības. Dažas no tām pat spēj ierobežot dzīves kvalitāti un veselību uz visu mūžu.
Mērķis: Šī darba mērķis ir sniegt pārskatu par dažiem bieži sastopamiem un mazāk izplatītiem arodslimībām, ar kuriem saskaras metinātāji Latvijā. Tāpēc šī darba mērķis ir apkopot attiecīgos bioloģiskos, ķīmiskos un fiziskos apdraudējumus un ar to saistītās arodslimības.
Metodoloģija: lai iegūtu vajadzīgo informāciju un sasniegtu vēlamos rezultātus, tika izmantotas dažādas grāmatas, žurnāli, medicīnas raksti un pētnieciskie darbi. Vēlamie literatūras avoti tika izmantoti no Latvijas pētījumiem, bet, ņemot vērā metināšanas apstākļu līdzību visā pasaulē, bija viegli izmantot avotus no visas pasaules.
Galvenie rezultāti: visi analizētie avoti sniedza plašu informāciju par dažādiem riskiem, ar kuriem katru dienu saskaras metinātāji. Interesanti, ka darba vides un izmantotā aprīkojuma dēļ ir iespējami dažādi apdraudējumi un arodslimības. Piemēram, UV starojums ir samērā unikāls aspekts, kas, galvenokārt, ietekmē metinātājus un līdz ar to rada daudzus vēl daļēji nezināmus riskus, bet, no otras puses, metinātāji saskaras ar daudziem līdzīgiem apdraudējumiem, ar kuriem saskaras, piemēram, būvstrādnieki, un kuri tika sīki pētīti un ir plaši zināmi.
Secinājumi: metināšanas profesija ir salīdzinoši droša darba vieta, ja tiek nodrošināti un izmantoti nepieciešamie drošības pasākumi. Bet, tiklīdz ir bojāts aprīkojums, ir nepietiekamas zināšanas vai individuālo aizsardzības līdzekļu trūkums, tas kļūst par ļoti bīstamu darba vietu un var radīt ilgstošas sekas veselībai un turpmākajai dzīves kvalitātei.
Background: Welders in Latvia and all over the world are a crucial part of the workforce and provide essential tools and knowledge for almost every industrial and labour related project. Welders work in the construction of transportation systems like cars, planes, ships, and bikes. Furthermore, they provide crucial labour in the building sector, providing structural integrity to houses and connect water, electricity, and gas systems. Due to the wide variety of work areas, welders face many different work hazards, for example metal fumes, UV radiation or a bad posture, which have the potential to cause occupational disorders. Some of them even having the potential to give lifelong restrictions to the quality of life and overall health. Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview about some of the common and less common occupational disorders that welders in Latvia are confronted with. This paper therefore aims to compile the relevant occupational hazards and link them with the relevant occupational disorders that they can provoke. Methodology: Different books, journals, medical articles, and research papers were used to gain the needed information to achieve the wanted results. Preferably sources that included Latvia were used, but due to the similarity of the welding conditions all around the world it was easy to use sources from all over the world. Key Results: The analysed sources all provided a plethora of information on the different risks that welders are facing daily. Interestingly due to the working environments and the equipment used there is a wide variety of hazards and occupational disorders that can occur. The UV radiation for instance is a relatively unique aspect that mainly affects welders and thus brings many still partially unknown risks with itself, while on the other hand welders face many of the same hazards that for example construction workers are facing, and that were studied in detail and are widely known about. Conclusions: The welding profession is a relatively safe area of work if the needed safety measures are provided and used. But as soon as there is faulty equipment, not enough education, or a lack of personal protective equipment it becomes very dangerous very fast, with often long-lasting consequences for health and quality of life.
Background: Welders in Latvia and all over the world are a crucial part of the workforce and provide essential tools and knowledge for almost every industrial and labour related project. Welders work in the construction of transportation systems like cars, planes, ships, and bikes. Furthermore, they provide crucial labour in the building sector, providing structural integrity to houses and connect water, electricity, and gas systems. Due to the wide variety of work areas, welders face many different work hazards, for example metal fumes, UV radiation or a bad posture, which have the potential to cause occupational disorders. Some of them even having the potential to give lifelong restrictions to the quality of life and overall health. Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview about some of the common and less common occupational disorders that welders in Latvia are confronted with. This paper therefore aims to compile the relevant occupational hazards and link them with the relevant occupational disorders that they can provoke. Methodology: Different books, journals, medical articles, and research papers were used to gain the needed information to achieve the wanted results. Preferably sources that included Latvia were used, but due to the similarity of the welding conditions all around the world it was easy to use sources from all over the world. Key Results: The analysed sources all provided a plethora of information on the different risks that welders are facing daily. Interestingly due to the working environments and the equipment used there is a wide variety of hazards and occupational disorders that can occur. The UV radiation for instance is a relatively unique aspect that mainly affects welders and thus brings many still partially unknown risks with itself, while on the other hand welders face many of the same hazards that for example construction workers are facing, and that were studied in detail and are widely known about. Conclusions: The welding profession is a relatively safe area of work if the needed safety measures are provided and used. But as soon as there is faulty equipment, not enough education, or a lack of personal protective equipment it becomes very dangerous very fast, with often long-lasting consequences for health and quality of life.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
metināšana, darba riska faktoru metināšana, darba apdraudējuma metinātājs, metināšanas izgarojumi, metāla izgarojumu drudzis, vēža metinātāji, metināšanas ultravioletā gaisma, pozu metināšana, okulārās melanomas metināšana, plaušu vēža metināšana, HOPS, zibapdegums, welding, occupational risk factors welder, occupational hazards welder, welding fumes, metal fume fever, cancer welders, welding ultraviolet light, posture welding, ocular melanoma welding, lung cancer welding, COPD, flash burn