Attālināto mācību ietekme uz 12. klases skolēnu miega paradumiem Latvijā
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Date
2021
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Covid-19 pandēmijas laikā mācības Latvijas skolās norisinājās galvenokārt attālināti. Tas ietekmēja skolēnu dienas režīmu. Bija iespējams celties vēlāk, jo tika ietaupīts laiks, kas agrāk tika pavadīts ceļā uz skolu. Dienas laikā skolēni atradās mājās, līdz ar to bija iespēja gulēt diendusu miegainības gadījumā.
Darba mērķis: noteikt un analizēt Latvijas 18 gadu vecumu sasniegušo 12. klases skolēnu miega paradumus – pašziņoto miega daudzumu, dienas miegainību, spēju iemigt un diendusu gulēšanu.
Materiāli un metodes: prospektīvs šķērsgriezuma pētījums, kas veikts 2020. un 2021. gadā. Dati iegūti izmantojot Google veidlapu, kas tika izsūtīta visām Latvijas vispārizglītojošajām vidējās izglītības iestādēm. Statistiskā apstrāde tika veikta Microsoft Excel un IBM SPSS programmā, izmantojot ANOVA un t-testu pašziņotā aizmigšanas, celšanās, mācībām un interešu izglītībai veltītā laika novērtēšanai, Hī kvadrāta kritēriju nominālo vērtību novērtēšanai. Statistiska ticamība tika uzskatīta, ja p < 0,05.
Rezultāti. Tika iegūtas 274 derīgas anketas, no kurām 201 (73,4 %) bija aizpildījušas meitenes. Noskaidrojās, ka laikā pirms pandēmijas skolēni ceļā uz skolu pavadīja vidēji 28 (mediāna 20, min. 0, maks. 279) minūtes, mācībām veltīja 444 (± 149) minūtes un interešu izglītībai 130 (± 102) minūtes. Savukārt ārkārtas situācijas laikā mācībām meitenes vidēji veltīja 457 (± 162) minūtes, puiši – 402 (± 167) minūtes, un interešu izglītībai abi dzimumi vidēji 76 (mediāna 59, min. 0, maks. 599) minūtes. Tātad kopējā noslogotība samazinājās par 74 (mediāna 74, min. – 400, maks. 550) minūtēm meitenēm un 132 (mediāna 110, min. – 415, maks. 1019) minūtēm puišiem.
Tika noteikts, ka vidējais nakts miega laiks meitenēm un puišiem darba dienu naktīs bija zem vecumam rekomendētā, savukārt brīvdienās atbilstoši vecumam rekomendētajam.
Diendusas gulēšanu vismaz vienā dienā atzīmēja 74 respondenti. Tika novērota statistiski nozīmīga saistība diendusas gulēšanai ar grūtībām aizmigt, mazāku miega daudzumu sekojošajā naktī un augstāku miegainības līmeni nākamajā dienā. Mazāks miega daudzums iepriekšējā naktī un augstāks miegainības līmenis savukārt statistiski nozīmīgi ietekmēja varbūtību, ka attiecīgajā dienā tika gulēta diendusa.
Secinājumi: Covid-19 pandēmijas ārkārtējās situācijas laikā skolēnu miega daudzums naktīs nebija palielinājies no rīta ietaupītā laika dēļ. Savukārt bija novērojama diendusu gulēšanas ietekme uz cirkadiānā ritma nobīdi un ārkārtējās situācijas noteiktie ierobežojumi skolēniem radīja iespēju gulēt diendusu. Diendusas gulēšana saistāma ar vēlāku gulēt iešanas laiku, kas savukārt izraisīja diendusas gulēšanu nākamajā dienā un tas atkal vēlāku gulēt iešanas laiku. Tātad var secināt, ka diendusas gulēšana veicināja izteiktāku cirkadiānā ritma nobīdi.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, study process in Latvian schools was mainly remote. This affected the day-to-day routine of pupils. It was possible to wake up later because of saved time that was earlier spent on the way to school. The pupils were at home during the day and thus had the possibility to sleep in case of day-time sleepiness. Aim of the study: to determine and analyse sleep habits – self reported sleep time, daytime sleepiness, ability to fall asleep and sleeping day-time naps in 18-year-old 12th grade students in Latvia. Materials and methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was caried out in year 2020 and 2021. Data were collected using Google spreadsheet, that was sent to all general secondary education institutions of Latvia. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS programmes. ANOVA and t-test were used for analysing going to sleep and wake up time and time spent on studying and interest education. Chi-square was used to analyse nominal values. Statistical significance was considered if p < 0.05. Results. 274 valid questionnaires were obtained, of which 201 (73.4 %) had been completed by females. It appeared that, before the pandemic, students spent an average of 28 (median 20, min. 0, max. 279) min on their way to school. Before pandemic respondents spent 444 (± 149) min on studying and 130 (± 102) min on interest education. During pandemic female respondents spent an average of 457 (± 162) minutes on studying, males – 402 (± 167) minutes and an average of 76 (median 59, min. 0, max. 599) min on interest education. Consequently, total occupied time decreased by 74 (median 74, min. – 400, max. 550) min for females and 132 (median 110, – 415, max. 1019) min for males. It was observed that the average night sleep time for both genders on working day nights was below the age recommended, while on holiday according to the age recommended. On least one day 74 respondents reported taking a nap during day. A statistically significant relationship was observed between daytime naps and difficulty to fall asleep, a lower amount of sleep at the following night and higher daytime sleepiness in next day. A lower amount of sleep during the previous night and a higher level of daytime sleepiness, in turn, had a statistically significant impact on the probability of taking daytime nap during that day. Conclusions. During Covid-19 pandemic, the amount of student night-time sleep had not increased due to the time saved in the morning. On the other hand, the effects of day-time naps were observed on the circadian rhythm shift and the limits imposed by the state of emergency made it possible for students to take day-time naps. Taking daytime naps was associated with a later night sleep time, which in turn caused taking day-time naps the following day, what again caused later night sleep time. Consequently, it can be concluded that taking daytime naps contributed to a more pronounced shift in circadian rhythm.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, study process in Latvian schools was mainly remote. This affected the day-to-day routine of pupils. It was possible to wake up later because of saved time that was earlier spent on the way to school. The pupils were at home during the day and thus had the possibility to sleep in case of day-time sleepiness. Aim of the study: to determine and analyse sleep habits – self reported sleep time, daytime sleepiness, ability to fall asleep and sleeping day-time naps in 18-year-old 12th grade students in Latvia. Materials and methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was caried out in year 2020 and 2021. Data were collected using Google spreadsheet, that was sent to all general secondary education institutions of Latvia. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS programmes. ANOVA and t-test were used for analysing going to sleep and wake up time and time spent on studying and interest education. Chi-square was used to analyse nominal values. Statistical significance was considered if p < 0.05. Results. 274 valid questionnaires were obtained, of which 201 (73.4 %) had been completed by females. It appeared that, before the pandemic, students spent an average of 28 (median 20, min. 0, max. 279) min on their way to school. Before pandemic respondents spent 444 (± 149) min on studying and 130 (± 102) min on interest education. During pandemic female respondents spent an average of 457 (± 162) minutes on studying, males – 402 (± 167) minutes and an average of 76 (median 59, min. 0, max. 599) min on interest education. Consequently, total occupied time decreased by 74 (median 74, min. – 400, max. 550) min for females and 132 (median 110, – 415, max. 1019) min for males. It was observed that the average night sleep time for both genders on working day nights was below the age recommended, while on holiday according to the age recommended. On least one day 74 respondents reported taking a nap during day. A statistically significant relationship was observed between daytime naps and difficulty to fall asleep, a lower amount of sleep at the following night and higher daytime sleepiness in next day. A lower amount of sleep during the previous night and a higher level of daytime sleepiness, in turn, had a statistically significant impact on the probability of taking daytime nap during that day. Conclusions. During Covid-19 pandemic, the amount of student night-time sleep had not increased due to the time saved in the morning. On the other hand, the effects of day-time naps were observed on the circadian rhythm shift and the limits imposed by the state of emergency made it possible for students to take day-time naps. Taking daytime naps was associated with a later night sleep time, which in turn caused taking day-time naps the following day, what again caused later night sleep time. Consequently, it can be concluded that taking daytime naps contributed to a more pronounced shift in circadian rhythm.
Description
Pediatrija
Pediatrics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Pediatrics
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Miegs, jauniešu miega paradumi, Covid-19 ietekme, diendusa, cirkadiānā ritma nobīde, Sleep, adolescent sleep habits, Covid-19 influence, daytime nap, shift in circadian rhythm