Ar veselību saistītas dzīves kvalitātes izvērtējums pacientiem ar kardiovaskulārām slimībām statīnu terapijas gadījumā
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Saslimstība un mirstība no kardiovaskulārām saslimšanām pasaulē turpina pieaugt. Lai gan Eiropā un Latvijā kardiovaskulāro slimību (KVS) izraisīto gadījumu skaits pēdējos gados turpina nedaudz kristies, joprojām pastāv nepieciešamība samazināt saslimstības riska faktorus.
Ar statīnu grupas medikamentu terapijas palīdzību iespējams kontrolēt vienu no būtiskākajiem KVS riska faktoriem - dislipidēmiju.
Veiktā pētījuma mērķis ir izvērtēt ar veselību saistītu dzīves kvalitāti pacientiem ar kardiovaskulārām slimībām statīnu terapijas gadījumā. Tiek izvirzīta arī hipotēze, ka dzīves kvalitāte pacientiem ar kardiovaskulārām slimībām statīnu terapijas gadījumā ir saistīta ar regulāru medikamentu lietošanu un priekšstatiem par medikamenta iedarbību un blaknēm.
Pētījuma dalībnieki ir respondenti ar kardiovaskulārām saslimšanām vecumā no 45 gadiem, kuri pēc ārsta norādījumiem ir uzsākuši lietot statīnu grupas medikamentus. Izmantoti divi instrumenti: autores veidota anketa pacientiem ar kardiovaskulārām slimībām statīnu terapijas gadījumā un dzīves kvalitātes izvērtējuma anketa “36 jautājumu īsā forma” (“36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36))”.
Apkopojot datus, tika secināts, ka dzīves kvalitāte pacientiem ar kardiovaskulārām slimībām statīnu terapijas gadījumā pārsniedz vidējo rādītāju 50% slieksni, kas pēc SF-36 veidotāju apliecinājuma atbilst normai; respondentu līdzdalība statīnu lietošanā ir apmierinoša. Respondentiem, kuri ievēro ārsta norādījumus par medikamenta lietošanu, ir augstāki vai ļoti līdzīgi vidējie rādītāji, salīdzinot ar tiem, kuri norādījumus neievēro. Pēc ilgstošas statīnu lietošanas vislielākās pozitīvās izmaiņas vērojamas respondentu fizisko funkcionālo spēju, sociālo funkciju un sāpju mazināšanās kategorijās, nozīmīga pozitīva tendence vērojama arī psihiskās veselības kategorijā. Tiem respondentiem, kuriem nav aizdomas, ka, lietojot statīnus, jūtas sliktāk, ir augstāki dzīves kvalitātes rādītāji. Nozīmīga saistība starp dzīves kvalitātes rādītājiem un statīnu regulāru lietošanu saskaņā ar ārsta norādījumiem nepastāv, vērojama negatīva sakarība starp dzīves kvalitātes rādītājiem un priekšstatiem par medikamentu iedarbību un blaknēm.
Pētījuma rezultāti liecina, ka māsai nepieciešams atbildīgi veikt izglītošanu par statīnu lietošanu, lai panāktu efektīvu hiperholestirēmijas kontroli un samazinātu KVS risku.
Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases continue to rise worldwide. Although the number of cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Europe and Latvia has continued to decline slightly in recent years, there is still a need to reduce the risk factors for the disease. With the help of statin group therapy, it is possible to control one of the most important risk factors for CVD - dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease receiving statin therapy. It is also hypothesized that the quality of life for patients with cardiovascular diseases in the case of statin therapy is linked to regular medication use and perceptions of drug effects and side effects. The study participants are respondents over the age of 45 who have started taking statin drugs under the guidance of a doctor. Two tools were used: the first was the author's questionnaire for patients with cardiovascular disease in statin therapy, and the second was the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). Summarizing the obtained data, it was concluded that the quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases in the case of statin therapy exceeds the average threshold of 50%, which, according to the SF-36 authors, is in line with the norm; the participation of respondents in the use of statins is satisfactory. Respondents who follow their doctor's instructions have higher or very similar average indicators compared to those who do not. After long-term use of statins, the biggest positive changes are observed in the categories of respondents' physical functional abilities, social functions and reduction of pain; a significant positive trend is also observed in the category of mental health. Respondents who do not suspect that they feel worse when using statins show higher quality of life scores. Quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases with statin therapy is linked to patients' lack of awareness of the need for regular medication and a misconception about the drug's influence and side effects. No significant relationship was found between quality of life and regular use of statins, as directed by doctor, while there is a negative relationship between quality of life and perceptions of drug's influence and side effects. The results of the study suggest that nurses need to be responsibly educated about the use of statins in order to achieve effective control of hypercholesterolemia and reduce the risk of CVD.
Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases continue to rise worldwide. Although the number of cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Europe and Latvia has continued to decline slightly in recent years, there is still a need to reduce the risk factors for the disease. With the help of statin group therapy, it is possible to control one of the most important risk factors for CVD - dyslipidemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health-related quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease receiving statin therapy. It is also hypothesized that the quality of life for patients with cardiovascular diseases in the case of statin therapy is linked to regular medication use and perceptions of drug effects and side effects. The study participants are respondents over the age of 45 who have started taking statin drugs under the guidance of a doctor. Two tools were used: the first was the author's questionnaire for patients with cardiovascular disease in statin therapy, and the second was the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). Summarizing the obtained data, it was concluded that the quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases in the case of statin therapy exceeds the average threshold of 50%, which, according to the SF-36 authors, is in line with the norm; the participation of respondents in the use of statins is satisfactory. Respondents who follow their doctor's instructions have higher or very similar average indicators compared to those who do not. After long-term use of statins, the biggest positive changes are observed in the categories of respondents' physical functional abilities, social functions and reduction of pain; a significant positive trend is also observed in the category of mental health. Respondents who do not suspect that they feel worse when using statins show higher quality of life scores. Quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases with statin therapy is linked to patients' lack of awareness of the need for regular medication and a misconception about the drug's influence and side effects. No significant relationship was found between quality of life and regular use of statins, as directed by doctor, while there is a negative relationship between quality of life and perceptions of drug's influence and side effects. The results of the study suggest that nurses need to be responsibly educated about the use of statins in order to achieve effective control of hypercholesterolemia and reduce the risk of CVD.
Description
Māszinības (ar specializāciju Ambulatorās aprūpes māsa)
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
ar veselību saistīta dzīves kvalitāte, dislipidēmija, statīni, statīnu nepanesība, līdzestība statīnu terapijā, kardiovaskulāras slimības, kardiovaskulāro slimību riski, kardiovaskulāro slimību prevencija, health-related quality of life, dyslipidemia, adherence to statin therapy, statin, statin intolerance, cardiovascular risk, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular prevention