Krūts vēža skrīningā izmantojamo uzvedības maiņas tehniku un rīcību ietekmējošo faktoru savstarpējā saistība
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darba tēma – Krūts vēža skrīningā izmantojamo uzvedības maiņas tehniku un rīcību ietekmējošo faktoru savstarpējā saistība.
Darba mērķis – noskaidrot, kādi faktori ietekmē sievietes veikt krūts vēža skrīningu un, izmantojot Teorijas un tehnikas rīku, noteikt šo faktoru ietekmējošās uzvedības maiņas tehnikas.
Pēc statistikas krūts vēzis ir visizplatītākais ļaundabīgais audzējs sievietēm Latvijā. Saslimstība ar krūts vēzi pakāpeniski palielinās. Onkoloģisko slimību rādītāji Latvijā liecina par novēlotu diagnostiku. 2017. gаdā 27% krūts vēžа gаdījumu tikа аtklāti novēloti, slimības 3. un 4.stadijā, kad izveseļošanās prognozes un izdzīvošanas izredzes ir daudz zemākаs. Lai sievietes mudinātu veikt krūts profilaktiskās pārbaudes, valsts piedāvā veikt krūts vēža skrīningu bez maksas noteiktā vecumā. Aizvien nepietiekams sieviešu skaits atsaucas uz profilaktisko pārbaudi.
Darba teorētiskā daļa sastāv no četrām nodaļām, kurās ir aprakstīta svarīgākā informācija par veselības komunikāciju, veselības uzvedību, veselības uzvedības teorijām un modeļiem un Teorijas un tehnika rīka pielietošana intervenšu noteikšanā.
Pētnieciskajā daļā ir izmantota kvalitatīvā metodoloģija. Pētījumā dati tika iegūti, veicot 12 dziļās intervijas, kurās tika intervētas sievietes vecumā no 50 līdz 69 gadiem, kuras ir saņēmušas uzaicinājuma vēstuli veikt skrīningu, bet ir izvēlējušās to neveikt. No dziļo interviju atbildēm tika secināti galvenie ietekmējošie faktori. Izmantojot Teorijas un tehnikas rīku tika analizēta uzvedības maiņas tehniku un rīcību ietekmējošo faktoru savstarpējā saistība.
Pētījuma rezultātā secināts, ka Teorijas un tehnikas rīks ir ļoti praktisks, jo izpētot ietekmes faktorus var izstrādāt komunikācijas vadlīnijas, atbilstošus ziņojumus un uzlabot veselības sistēmas procesu. Pielietojot pareizās uzvedības maiņas tehnikas attiecīgajam ietekmes faktoram var veicināt krūts vēža skrīninga apmeklēšanu.
The theme of bachelor’s thesis is the behavior change technology and behavioral influencing factors interrelationship used in breast cancer screening The objective is to find out what behavioral factors influence women to get breast cancer screening and using the Theory and Technique tool identify behavioral change techniques that influence these factors. The incidence of malignant tumors in Latvia is increasing. In Latvia breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. To encourage women to get breast screening, the state offers free cancer screening. There is still insufficient number of women who refer to breast cancer screening. In 2017 from all women who got the invited letter to get screening, only 37% of women got breast cancer screening. To encourage women to have preventive breast screening, the state offers free breast cancer screening at a certain age. Still insufficient number of women does not participate in screening. The theoretical part of the bachelor’s theses consists of four chapters which describe main information about health communication, health behavior, health behavior theories and models and Theory and Technique tool determination of application interventions. Qualitative methodology is used in the research part. In the study, data were obtained through 12 in-depth interviews in which women aged 50 to 69 were interviewed who have received a letter of invitation to screen but have chosen not to do so. The main influencing factors were deduced from the answers to the in-depth interviews. Using the Theory and Techniques tool, the interrelationship between the factors influencing behavioral techniques and behavior was analyzed. Result of study concludes that the Theory and Technique tool is a very practical, as research into impact factors can lead to the development of communication guidelines, appropriate messages, and improved health system processes. Applying the right behavior change techniques to the relevant influencing factor can encourage breast cancer screening attendance.
The theme of bachelor’s thesis is the behavior change technology and behavioral influencing factors interrelationship used in breast cancer screening The objective is to find out what behavioral factors influence women to get breast cancer screening and using the Theory and Technique tool identify behavioral change techniques that influence these factors. The incidence of malignant tumors in Latvia is increasing. In Latvia breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. To encourage women to get breast screening, the state offers free cancer screening. There is still insufficient number of women who refer to breast cancer screening. In 2017 from all women who got the invited letter to get screening, only 37% of women got breast cancer screening. To encourage women to have preventive breast screening, the state offers free breast cancer screening at a certain age. Still insufficient number of women does not participate in screening. The theoretical part of the bachelor’s theses consists of four chapters which describe main information about health communication, health behavior, health behavior theories and models and Theory and Technique tool determination of application interventions. Qualitative methodology is used in the research part. In the study, data were obtained through 12 in-depth interviews in which women aged 50 to 69 were interviewed who have received a letter of invitation to screen but have chosen not to do so. The main influencing factors were deduced from the answers to the in-depth interviews. Using the Theory and Techniques tool, the interrelationship between the factors influencing behavioral techniques and behavior was analyzed. Result of study concludes that the Theory and Technique tool is a very practical, as research into impact factors can lead to the development of communication guidelines, appropriate messages, and improved health system processes. Applying the right behavior change techniques to the relevant influencing factor can encourage breast cancer screening attendance.
Description
Sabiedriskās attiecības
Public Relations
Informācijas un komunikācijas zinātnes
Information and Communication Sciences
Public Relations
Informācijas un komunikācijas zinātnes
Information and Communication Sciences
Keywords
Atslēgas vārdi: krūts vēzis, krūts vēža skrīnings, uzvedības maiņas tehnikas, ietekmējošie faktori, uzvedības maiņa, Keywords: Breast cancer, breast cancer screening, behavior change techniques, behavior influencing factors, behavior change.