Geriatrisko pacientu uztura paradumi un malnutrīcijas riska izvērtējums
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
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Bakalaura darbs - Geriatrisko pacientu uztura paradumi un malnutrīcijas riska izvērtējums, darba autore Krista Mače.
Malnutrīcija sastopama robežās no 20 – 50% līdz 47 – 92% vecāka gadagājuma cilvēkiem. (Sarikaya et al., 2015) Cilvēki ar nepietiekamu uzturu divreiz biežāk apmeklē ģimenes ārstu, viņiem ir trīs reizes lielāks hospitalizāciju skaits un viņi slimnīcā atrodas trīs dienas ilgāk nekā cilvēki ar pietiekamu uzturu. (Harris et al., 2019) 86% no geriatriskiem pacientiem, kas uzņemti stacionārā, jau ir malnutrīcijas risks, kas parāda, kad uzturu paradumu novērtējums jāveic jau primārās aprūpes etapā. (Soderstrom et al., 2017) Uzturam ir nozīmīga loma geriatrisku pacientu dzīves kvalitātes veidošanā. Veselīgs uzturs var samazināt tādu slīmību veidošanos, kā arteriālā hipertensija, cukura diabēts un aptaukošanās, kā arī citas hroniskas saslimšanas, kas saistītas ar novecošanas procesu. (Granic et al., 2018)
Pētījuma mērķis ir izvērtēt geriatrisko pacientu uztura paradumus un malnutrīcijas risku. Bakalaurs darbs sastāv no divām daļām: literatūras apskata un pētnieciskās daļas. Literatūras apskata pirmā daļā tiek apskatīts geriatrisku pacientu uzturs: uztura uzņemšana saistībā ar novecošanas procesu un uztura ieteikumi geriatriskiem pacientiem; otrā daļā - malnutrīcijas skrīninga saistība ar uztura paradumiem.
Pētnieciskā daļa sastāv no pētījuma metadoloģijas, rezultātiem un pētījumu rezultātu analīzes (diskusijas). Pētījuma metode ir kvantatīva - anketēšana. Izmantoti divi pētījuma instrumenti. Rezultāti apkopoti 23 attēlos un 3 tabulās. Sākotnēji tika sagatavotas 120 anketas, no kurām 106 tika atzītas par derīgām pētījuma anlīzei. Pētījuma rezultāti atspoguļo, ka 32 respondentiem tika noteikts pietiekams uzturs, savukārt 60 respondentiem nepietiekama uztura risks un 14 respondentiem - nepietiekams uzturs. Statiski nozīmīga saistība tika atrasta starp uztura stāvokļa un respondentu svara pašvērtējumu, piena veida un kartupeļu lietošanas paradumiem. Līdz ar to geriatriskiem pacientiem ambulatorā aprūpē ir augsts malnutrīcijas risks, kas ir saistīts uztura lietošanas paradumiem. Pētījuma praktiskais pielietojums ir būtisks, jo primārās aprūpes speciālistiem jāspēj izvērtēt geriatrisku pacientu uztura paradumus un malnutrīcijas riska saistību, tādā veidā mazinot nepietiekama uztura attīstību sabiedrībā kopumā.
Atslēgas vārdi: malnutrīcijas risks, barojuma statuss, uztura paradumi, geriatriski pacienti un primārā veselības aprūpe.
Abstract Bachelor's thesis research topic - Dietary Habits and Risk Assessment of Malnutrition for Geriatric Patients, author Krista Mače Assessing the various screening data on malnutrition, it is found in the range of 20-50% to 47-92% of the elderly. (Sarikaya et al., 2015) Malnutrition can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. People with malnutrition tend to visit a family doctor twice, have three times the number of hospitalizations and are in hospital for three days longer than people with sufficient nutrition. (Harris et al., 2019) 86% of geriatric patients admitted to hospital are already at risk of malnutrition, which shows when dietary habits have to be assessed at the stage of primary care. (Soderstrom et al., 2017) Nutrition plays an important role in shaping the quality of life of geriatric patients. Healthy nutrition can reduce the formation of drownings chronic diseases associated with the ageing process. (Granic et al., 2018) The aim of the study is to evaluate the dietary habits and risk of malnutrition in geriatric patients. The Bachelor 's work consists of two parts: literature surveys and research parts. The first part of the literature survey looks at the diet of geriatric patients: dietary intake in relation to the ageing process and nutrition recommendations for geriatric patients; in the other part, the relationship of malnouritisation screening with dietary habits. The research part consists of metaphyology, results and analysis of the results of studies (discussions). The study method is quantifying. Two study tools have been used. The results are presented in 23 figures un 3 chart. 120 questionnaires were initially prepared, of which 106 were declared valid for the anlyzing of the study. The results of the study show that 32 respondents were given adequate nutrition, while 60 respondents were at risk of malnutrition and 14 respondents malnutrition. A statistically significant relationship was found between the nutritional status and the self-assessment of the weight of respondents, the nature of milk and potato use habits. Therefore, geriatric patients in ambulatory care have a high risk of malnotrics associated with dietary habits. The practical application of the study is essential because primary care professionals should be able to assess the nutritional habits of geriatric patients and the associated risk of malnutrition, thereby undermining the development of malnutrition in society as a whole. Key words: risk of malnutrition, nutrition status, dietary habits, geriatric patients and primary care
Abstract Bachelor's thesis research topic - Dietary Habits and Risk Assessment of Malnutrition for Geriatric Patients, author Krista Mače Assessing the various screening data on malnutrition, it is found in the range of 20-50% to 47-92% of the elderly. (Sarikaya et al., 2015) Malnutrition can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality. People with malnutrition tend to visit a family doctor twice, have three times the number of hospitalizations and are in hospital for three days longer than people with sufficient nutrition. (Harris et al., 2019) 86% of geriatric patients admitted to hospital are already at risk of malnutrition, which shows when dietary habits have to be assessed at the stage of primary care. (Soderstrom et al., 2017) Nutrition plays an important role in shaping the quality of life of geriatric patients. Healthy nutrition can reduce the formation of drownings chronic diseases associated with the ageing process. (Granic et al., 2018) The aim of the study is to evaluate the dietary habits and risk of malnutrition in geriatric patients. The Bachelor 's work consists of two parts: literature surveys and research parts. The first part of the literature survey looks at the diet of geriatric patients: dietary intake in relation to the ageing process and nutrition recommendations for geriatric patients; in the other part, the relationship of malnouritisation screening with dietary habits. The research part consists of metaphyology, results and analysis of the results of studies (discussions). The study method is quantifying. Two study tools have been used. The results are presented in 23 figures un 3 chart. 120 questionnaires were initially prepared, of which 106 were declared valid for the anlyzing of the study. The results of the study show that 32 respondents were given adequate nutrition, while 60 respondents were at risk of malnutrition and 14 respondents malnutrition. A statistically significant relationship was found between the nutritional status and the self-assessment of the weight of respondents, the nature of milk and potato use habits. Therefore, geriatric patients in ambulatory care have a high risk of malnotrics associated with dietary habits. The practical application of the study is essential because primary care professionals should be able to assess the nutritional habits of geriatric patients and the associated risk of malnutrition, thereby undermining the development of malnutrition in society as a whole. Key words: risk of malnutrition, nutrition status, dietary habits, geriatric patients and primary care
Description
Māszinības (ar specializāciju Ambulatorās aprūpes māsa)
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Nursing Studies
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
malnutrīcijas risks, barojuma statuss, uztura paradumi, geriatriski pacienti un primārā veselības aprūpe., risk of malnutrition, nutrition status, dietary habits, geriatric patients and primary care