Cietušā statuss un tā realizācijas problēmas kriminālprocesā
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Mūsdienās cietušais ieņem nozīmīgu vietu ne tikai Latvijas kriminālprocesā, bet arī starptautiski, jo cietušā tiesību aizsardzība ir saskaņota ar vairākiem starptautiski atzītiem tiesību aktiem, kā, piemēram, viena no svarīgākajām ir Eiropas Parlamenta un padomes 2012.gada 25.oktobra pieņemtā Direktīva 2012/29/ES ar ko nosaka noziegumos cietušo tiesību, atbalsta un aizsardzības minimālos standartus, kuras mērķis ir uzlabot cietušo atbalsta sistēmu Eiropas Savienībā kriminālprocesa ietvaros. Šāda interese par cietušo tiesībām ir īpaši aktuāla, pamatota un saistīta ar noziedzīgu nodarījumu novēršanu un to, kā valstī uzlabot tiesisko situāciju.
Cietušā institūts attīstās, taču jāatzīst, ka bakalaura darbā ietvertās cietušo problēmas kriminālprocesuālā kontekstā nav pietiekami izanalizētas. Bakalaura darbā iekļautā problemātika ir gan tiesiska, gan praktiska, jo tā skar cietušās personas pamattiesības un intereses. Darbā atspoguļotās problēmas ir saistītas ar neprecīza jēdziena “cietušais” definējumu, cietušā procesuālā statusa iegūšanu un problēmām, kuras rodas cietušajam realizējot ar likumu tam piešķirtās tiesības.
Bakalaura darba mērķis ir izpētīt cietušā statusu un tā tiesību realizācijas problēmas kriminālprocesā, noteikt problemātiku un nonākt pie pēc iespējas pamatotākiem secinājumiem un priekšlikumiem.
Bakalaura darbs sastāv no 55 lappusēm un tā pamatdaļa atklāj būtisku Kriminālprocesa likuma normu pilnveidi, kas skar cietušā tiesības un intereses. Vieni no svarīgākajiem priekšlikumiem ir saistīti ar ietveramu precīzāku jēdziena “cietušais” definējumu, jaunu tiesību institūta “Cietušā tiesību pārņēmējs” iekļaušanu, kā arī jaunas profesijas ieviešanu “Cietušā koordinators”, tādējādi nodrošinot cietušajam vienmēr pieejamu pirmo tiesisko palīdzību kriminālprocesā. Noslēgumā tiek apkopoti galvenie secinājumi un izvirzīti priekšlikumi.
Atslēgvārdi ir cietušais kriminālprocesā, cietušā statuss, cietušā tiesības, cietušā pamattiesības, cietušā tiesību vispārīgie principi, īpaši aizsargājamais cietušais.
In nowadays, the victim has an important place not only in Latvian criminal proceedings, but also internationally, because the victim's right is agreed with several internationally recognized law, for example, one of the victim's important legal act is Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. The purpose of this Directive is to ensure that victims of crime receive appropriate information, support and protection and are able to participate in criminal proceedings. The institute of victim’s is developing, but in bachelor's thesis included problems are not enough analyzed. The problems are legal and practical, because it affects the fundamental rights and interests of the victim. Bachelor thesis reflects unfaithful definition of victim, problems of obtaining the procedural status of a victim and problems emerging, when victims implement rights provided them by the law. Aim of the bachelor's thesis is to explore victim statuss and problems of realization of victim’s right in criminal proceeding, establish existing issues and find possible solutions. The bachelor's thesis consists of 55 pages and the main part reveals significant improvement of the criminal procedure law norms that affect the rights and interests of the victim. One of the most important proposals is to include a more precise definition of the term "victim", the inclusion of a new legal institute "Victim's Successor" and the introduction of a new profession "Victim Coordinator", that way the victim always has access to first legal aid in criminal proceedings. At the end of the bachelor's thesis the author provides main conclusions and proposals. Keywords is victim in criminal proceeding, victim status, victim’s right, fundamental rights of victim, general principles of the victim’s rights, specially protected victim.
In nowadays, the victim has an important place not only in Latvian criminal proceedings, but also internationally, because the victim's right is agreed with several internationally recognized law, for example, one of the victim's important legal act is Directive 2012/29/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. The purpose of this Directive is to ensure that victims of crime receive appropriate information, support and protection and are able to participate in criminal proceedings. The institute of victim’s is developing, but in bachelor's thesis included problems are not enough analyzed. The problems are legal and practical, because it affects the fundamental rights and interests of the victim. Bachelor thesis reflects unfaithful definition of victim, problems of obtaining the procedural status of a victim and problems emerging, when victims implement rights provided them by the law. Aim of the bachelor's thesis is to explore victim statuss and problems of realization of victim’s right in criminal proceeding, establish existing issues and find possible solutions. The bachelor's thesis consists of 55 pages and the main part reveals significant improvement of the criminal procedure law norms that affect the rights and interests of the victim. One of the most important proposals is to include a more precise definition of the term "victim", the inclusion of a new legal institute "Victim's Successor" and the introduction of a new profession "Victim Coordinator", that way the victim always has access to first legal aid in criminal proceedings. At the end of the bachelor's thesis the author provides main conclusions and proposals. Keywords is victim in criminal proceeding, victim status, victim’s right, fundamental rights of victim, general principles of the victim’s rights, specially protected victim.
Description
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Keywords
Cietušais kriminālprocesā, cietušā statuss, cietušā tiesības, cietušā pamattiesības, cietušā tiesību vispārīgie principi, īpaši aizsargājamais cietušais., Victim in criminal proceeding, victim status, victim’s right, fundamental rights of victim, general principles of the victim’s rights, specially protected victim.