Opioids and Ocular Surface Pathology : A Literature Review of New Treatments Horizons

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dc.contributor.authorGarcía-López, Celia
dc.contributor.authorGómez-Huertas, Carmen
dc.contributor.authorSánchez-González, José María
dc.contributor.authorBorroni, Davide
dc.contributor.authorRodríguez-Calvo-de-mora, Marina
dc.contributor.authorRomano, Vito
dc.contributor.authorRachwani-Anil, Rahul
dc.contributor.authorRamos-López, Juan Francisco
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz-Pérez, Santiago
dc.contributor.authorRocha-De-lossada, Carlos
dc.contributor.institutionDepartment of Doctoral Studies
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-24T14:15:01Z
dc.date.available2023-02-24T14:15:01Z
dc.date.issued2022-03-01
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
dc.description.abstractThis review discusses the role of opioids in the corneal surface and the different pathways and therapeutic methods of management. A literature review was performed using PubMed database. For the database search, the main searching words “opioid” and “topical opioid treatment” were used with the descriptors “cornea”, “ocular surface”, “neuropathic corneal pain”, “corneal sensitivity” and “naltrexone”; original scientific articles and reviews were included to achieve the purpose of the review. The endogenous opioid system has relevant functions in the organism, and in daily use, opioids are used as painkillers. However, these drugs may be employed for other indications as opioid pathways have a wide spectrum. The corneal surface for topical treatment is easily accessible, hence sparing the side effects of systemic opioids. Instillation of opioid antagonist substances, such as naltrexone, increases corneal healing rates and stimulates the division of corneal epithelium cells without deleterious effects. The natural modulation of endogenous opioids controls different forms of pain, including inflammatory and neuropathic pain, both in the ocular surface and in the central nervous system. There are diverse methods in controlling pain using opioids, especially in refractory forms. This review attempts to collect the literature about corneal surface and opioid pathways to provide an overview image and a possible direction of the news treatments.en
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent13
dc.format.extent7519552
dc.identifier.citationGarcía-López, C, Gómez-Huertas, C, Sánchez-González, J M, Borroni, D, Rodríguez-Calvo-de-mora, M, Romano, V, Rachwani-Anil, R, Ramos-López, J F, Ortiz-Pérez, S & Rocha-De-lossada, C 2022, 'Opioids and Ocular Surface Pathology : A Literature Review of New Treatments Horizons', Journal of clinical medicine, vol. 11, no. 5, 1424, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051424
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/jcm11051424
dc.identifier.issn2077-0383
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.rsu.lv/jspui/handle/123456789/10638
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126062408&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of clinical medicine
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectCornea
dc.subjectNeuropathic corneal pain
dc.subjectOcular surface
dc.subjectOpioids
dc.subjectWound healing
dc.subject3.2 Clinical medicine
dc.subject1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database
dc.subjectGeneral Medicine
dc.titleOpioids and Ocular Surface Pathology : A Literature Review of New Treatments Horizonsen
dc.type/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/systematicreview

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