Agrīna onkoloģisko slimību diagnostika Ģimenes ārsta praksē pirms COVID-19 pandēmijas un COVID-19 pandēmijas laikā.
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Latvijā ļaundabīgie audzēji ir otrs biežākais nāves cēlonis iedzīvotāju vidū. Ik gadu apmēram seši tūkstoši iedzīvotāju nomirst ļaundabīgo audzēju dēļ. Onkoloģisko slimību veiksmīgas ārstēšanas iznākuma pamatā ir savlaicīga diagnozes noteikšana. Vēža laicīga atklāšana ar skrīninga palīdzību var glābt dzīvības.
Darba mērķis: Noskaidrot, cik daudz ir veikti valsts apmaksātie skrīningi , kāds ir jaunatklāto vēža gadījumu skaits un kurā stadijā vēzis ir atklāts konkrētā Vidzemes reģiona ģimenes ārsta praksē pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas un Covid- 19 pandēmijas laikā.
Retrospektīvs pētījums, kurā tiek pētītas pacientu ambulatorās medicīniskās kartes par krūts vēža skrīningu, apskatītas 1228 ambulatorās medicīniskās kartes, par dzemdes kakla vēža skrīningu, apskatītas 1415 ambulatorās medicīniskās kartes, un par zarnu vēža skrīningu, apskatītas 2237 ambulatorās medicīniskās kartes no vienas konkrētas Vidzemes reģiona ģimenes ārsta prakses. Pētnieciskajā darbā tika iegūti statistikas dati par veiktajiem vēža skrīningiem un diagnosticētajiem vēža gadījumiem laika periodā pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas un Covid- 19 pandēmijas laikā.
Darba hipotēze: Covid- 19 pandēmija ir samazinājusi iedzīvotāju atsaucību piedalīties vēža skrīninga programmās.
Salīdzinot iegūtos datus no vienas Vidzemes reģiona ģimenes ārsta prakses ar Latvijas datiem, var secināt, ka krūts vēža skrīninga un dzemdes kakla vēža skrīninga atsaucībā vērojams vienlīdzīgs sadalījums gan ģimenes ārsta praksē, gan Latvijā kopumā. Var redzēt, ka skrīninga apmeklētība pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas bija labāka nekā pēc, to pierāda iegūtie dati Latvijā un ģimenes ārsta praksē. Krūts vēža skrīninga atsaucība pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas, piemēram, 2019. gadā Latvijā bija 39,1%, savukārt, ģimenes ārsta praksē 45,5%, toties Covid- 19 pandēmijas laikā, piemēram, 2020. gadā atsaucība Latvijā bija 29,9%, bet ģimenes ārsta praksē 35,5%. Dzemdes kakla vēža skrīninga atsaucība pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas, piemēram, 2019. gadā Latvijā bija 39,7%, savukārt, ģimenes ārsta praksē 54,2%, toties Covid- 19 pandēmijas laikā, piemēram, 2020. gadā atsaucība Latvijā bija 33,8%, bet ģimenes ārsta praksē 46,6%. Kopumā var teikt, ka krūts un dzemdes kakla vēžu skrīningu atsaucība, salīdzinoši pirms Covid- 19 pandēmijas un Covid- 19 pandēmijas laikā, ir samazinājusies par 1% līdz 18,6%. Tā kā datus par zarnu vēža skrīninga atsaucību ģimenes ārsta praksē pilnvērtīgi nebija iespējams iegūt, līdz ar to salīdzināt var tikai 2021. gada 9 mēnešu datus, un šajos datos vērojama ļoti krasa atšķirība, jo Latvijā kopumā šī skrīninga aptvere 2021. gada 9 mēnešos ir tikai 8,2%, savukārt, ģimenes ārsta praksē pacientu atsaucība uz šo skrīningu 2021. gada 9 mēnešos ir 43%.
Kopumā Covid – 19 pandēmija Latvijā ir samazinājusi krūts, dzemdes kakla un zarnu vēžu aptveri, kā arī skrīningos diagnosticēto potenciāli ļaundabīgo audzēju skaits ir samazinājies.
In Latvia, malignant neoplasms are the second leading cause of death in the population, with ~6,000 people dying from malignant neoplasms every year. Successful treatment of oncological diseases is based on the early diagnosis. Early detection of cancer through screening can save lives. Objective of the work: Find out how many state-funded screenings have been carried out, the number of newly diagnosed cancer cases and at which stage the cancer was detected in a particular GP practice in the Vidzeme region before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Retrospective research, which includes studying of 1228 patients’ medical records about screenings of breast cancer, 1415l screenings of cervical cancer, 2237 screenings of colorectal cancer (one patient from the current medical practice in Vidzeme region). The research work is done between October 2021 and January 2022, collecting statistical data on cancer screenings performed and cancer cases diagnosed in the period before the Covid-19 pandemic and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Hypothesis of the research: The Covid-19 pandmic has cut down the people’s responsiveness of taking part in breast cancer screening programmes. Comparing researching datas from the medical practise in Vidzeme region with datas of Latvia about breast cancer and cervical cancer screenings it can be cocluded that people’s readiness to take part in these programmes is equal. Before the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2019 39,1% people had done breast cancer screening in Latvia in total, but in the medical practise the number was 45,5%. During the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2020 the situation changed – in Latvia 29,9% in total but in the medical practise 35,5% of people have done the breast cancer screening. However people’s readiness to do the cervical cancer screening before the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2019 in Latvia was 39,7%, but in the medical practise 54,2%. During the Covid-19 pandemic the readiness has decreased – for example, in 2020 in Latvia 33,8% of people were ready to do this screening, but in the medical practise the number vas only 46,6%. The research of datas shows that the readiness to do the screenings of the breast and carvical cancer has decreased till 18,6%. The fact is datas about the colorectal cancer screening in the medical practise could not be found that is why in the research are copmared dates in 9 month 2021. There is seen a huge difference in the datas, because in 9 month 2021 in Latvia the colorectal cancer screening have done 8,2% of inhabitants, but at the same time in the medical practise -43% people. In total during the Covid-19 pandemic in Latvia the number of breast, cervical and colorectal malignant neoplasmhas decreased.
In Latvia, malignant neoplasms are the second leading cause of death in the population, with ~6,000 people dying from malignant neoplasms every year. Successful treatment of oncological diseases is based on the early diagnosis. Early detection of cancer through screening can save lives. Objective of the work: Find out how many state-funded screenings have been carried out, the number of newly diagnosed cancer cases and at which stage the cancer was detected in a particular GP practice in the Vidzeme region before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Retrospective research, which includes studying of 1228 patients’ medical records about screenings of breast cancer, 1415l screenings of cervical cancer, 2237 screenings of colorectal cancer (one patient from the current medical practice in Vidzeme region). The research work is done between October 2021 and January 2022, collecting statistical data on cancer screenings performed and cancer cases diagnosed in the period before the Covid-19 pandemic and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Hypothesis of the research: The Covid-19 pandmic has cut down the people’s responsiveness of taking part in breast cancer screening programmes. Comparing researching datas from the medical practise in Vidzeme region with datas of Latvia about breast cancer and cervical cancer screenings it can be cocluded that people’s readiness to take part in these programmes is equal. Before the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2019 39,1% people had done breast cancer screening in Latvia in total, but in the medical practise the number was 45,5%. During the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2020 the situation changed – in Latvia 29,9% in total but in the medical practise 35,5% of people have done the breast cancer screening. However people’s readiness to do the cervical cancer screening before the Covid-19 pandemic for example, in 2019 in Latvia was 39,7%, but in the medical practise 54,2%. During the Covid-19 pandemic the readiness has decreased – for example, in 2020 in Latvia 33,8% of people were ready to do this screening, but in the medical practise the number vas only 46,6%. The research of datas shows that the readiness to do the screenings of the breast and carvical cancer has decreased till 18,6%. The fact is datas about the colorectal cancer screening in the medical practise could not be found that is why in the research are copmared dates in 9 month 2021. There is seen a huge difference in the datas, because in 9 month 2021 in Latvia the colorectal cancer screening have done 8,2% of inhabitants, but at the same time in the medical practise -43% people. In total during the Covid-19 pandemic in Latvia the number of breast, cervical and colorectal malignant neoplasmhas decreased.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
onkoloģisko slimību diagnostika, COVID-19 pandēmija, diagnosis of oncological diseases, the Covid-19 pandemic