Early Diagnosis of Cardiomyopathies
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Kardiomiopātijas ir miokarda slimību grupa bez vārstuļu defektiem, koronāro artēriju slimība, hipertensija un iedzimtas sirds slimības, kas ir pietiekami smagas, lai izraisītu līdzīgu fenotipu, ko parasti iedala trīs galvenajās grupās – paplašinātā, hipertrofiskā un restriktīvā kardiomiopātija. Slimība var sākties jebkurā vecumā un dažos vai pat vairumā gadījumu var būt iedzimta. Pirmais simptoms var būt pēkšņa sirds nāve, agrīna diagnostika pat pirms simptomu parādīšanās ir ļoti svarīga. Ģimenes vēsturei un dažādām klīniskām pazīmēm vajadzētu radīt pietiekamas aizdomas, lai sāktu diagnostikas procesu. Izmantojot vecās un jaunās diagnostikas metodes, sākot no ģenētiskās skrīningas līdz intervāla novērošanai un no EKG līdz sirds magnētiskās rezonanses attēlveidošanai, daudzos gadījumos diagnozi var sasniegt slimības agrīnās stadijās.
Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases of the myocardium in the absence of valvular defects, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and congenital heart diseases severe enough to cause similar phenotype, commonly divided into three main groups – dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Onset of disease can occur at any age and, in several or even most cases, can be inherited. As the first presenting symptom may be sudden cardiac death, early diagnosis even prior to symptom onset is crucial. Family history and various clinical features should raise enough suspicion to start the diagnostic process. With the use of old and novel diagnostical methods, ranging from genetical screening to interval follow-up and from ECG to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, diagnosis can in many cases be reached in early stages of disease.
Cardiomyopathies are a group of diseases of the myocardium in the absence of valvular defects, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and congenital heart diseases severe enough to cause similar phenotype, commonly divided into three main groups – dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Onset of disease can occur at any age and, in several or even most cases, can be inherited. As the first presenting symptom may be sudden cardiac death, early diagnosis even prior to symptom onset is crucial. Family history and various clinical features should raise enough suspicion to start the diagnostic process. With the use of old and novel diagnostical methods, ranging from genetical screening to interval follow-up and from ECG to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, diagnosis can in many cases be reached in early stages of disease.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
kardiomiopātija, paplašināta, hipertrofiska, obstruktīva, restriktīva, agrīna diagnoze, skrīnings, sirds amiloidoze, pēkšņa nāve, cardiomyopathy, dilated, hypertrophic, obstructive, restrictive, early diagnosis, screening, cardiac amyloidosis, sudden death