The Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Omega-3 Index in Pregnant Women, and Their Correlations with Gestational Length and Newborn Birth Weight

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dc.contributor.authorNikolajeva, Ksenija
dc.contributor.authorAizbalte, Olga
dc.contributor.authorRezgale, Roberta
dc.contributor.authorCauce, Vinita
dc.contributor.authorZacs, Dzintars
dc.contributor.authorMeija, Laila
dc.contributor.institutionDepartment of Doctoral Studies
dc.contributor.institutionRīga Stradiņš University
dc.contributor.institutionFaculty of Medicine
dc.contributor.institutionDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-25T08:45:02Z
dc.date.available2025-02-25T08:45:02Z
dc.date.issued2024-07
dc.descriptionPublisher Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.
dc.description.abstractBackground: During pregnancy, the demand for omega-3 fatty acids, notably docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), escalates for both maternal and foetal health. Insufficient levels can lead to complications and can affect foetal development. This study investigated omega-3 status and its relation to dietary intake in pregnant Latvian women, along with its impact on gestational duration and newborn birth weight. Methods: The study comprised 250 pregnant and postpartum women with a mean age of 31.6 ± 4.8 years. Nutrition and omega-3 supplementation data were collected through a questionnaire covering 199 food items and 12 supplements. Fatty acids in erythrocyte membrane phospholipids were analysed via gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Results: The median omega-3 fatty acid intake, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and DHA from diet and supplements, was 0.370 g/day, which is deemed sufficient. However, the median weekly fish intake (126.0 g) and daily nut/seed intake (7.4 g) were insufficient. The median omega-3 supplement intake was 1.0 g/day. No correlation between omega-3 supplement intake and the omega-3 index was observed. There was a weak correlation between the DHA intake from fish and the omega-3 index (r = 0.126, p = 0.047), while a significant correlation between the total EPA and DHA intake from various sources and the omega-3 index was noted (r = 0.163, p = 0.01). Most women (61.6%) had an omega-3 index < 4%, while 34.8% had an index between 4 and 8%, and only 3.6% had an index > 8%. Notably, significant differences in EPA levels and the omega-3 index were found among respondents with differing infant birth weights (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The omega-3 intake during pregnancy adheres to the established guidelines, although fish consumption remains insufficient. A preconception evaluation of the omega-3 index is advocated to optimize prenatal intake. The indications suggest potential correlations between EPA levels, the omega-3 index, and infant birth weight.en
dc.description.statusPeer reviewed
dc.format.extent248251
dc.identifier.citationNikolajeva, K, Aizbalte, O, Rezgale, R, Cauce, V, Zacs, D & Meija, L 2024, 'The Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Omega-3 Index in Pregnant Women, and Their Correlations with Gestational Length and Newborn Birth Weight', Nutrients, vol. 16, no. 13, 2150. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16132150
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu16132150
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.rsu.lv/jspui/handle/123456789/17131
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85198477293&partnerID=8YFLogxK
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofNutrients
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjecterythrocytes
dc.subjectfatty acids
dc.subjectnutrition
dc.subjectomega-3
dc.subjectomega-3 index
dc.subjectpregnancy
dc.subject3.2 Clinical medicine
dc.subject4.4 Agricultural biotechnology
dc.subject3.3 Health sciences
dc.subject1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database
dc.subjectFood Science
dc.subjectNutrition and Dietetics
dc.titleThe Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, the Omega-3 Index in Pregnant Women, and Their Correlations with Gestational Length and Newborn Birth Weighten
dc.type/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/researchoutputtypes/contributiontojournal/article

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