Asbestos Occurrence and Influence on Employee's Health in Occupational Settings in Norway
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
ANOTĀCIJA
Ievads: Azbests ir ļoti kancerogēna viela, kas pastāv vairāk nekā 20 000 tonnu apjomā dažādās ēkās, iekārtās un transporta līdzekļos. Norvēģijā tas pastāv arī šobrīd, vairāk nekā 35 gadiem pēc pilnīga Norvēģijas valdības aizlieguma. Ir pamats domāt, ka sabiedrības izpratne par azbestu un tā ietekmi uz veselību ir pasliktinājusies pēdējo gadu laikā, un nākotnē mēs varētu sastapt “trešo vilni” ar malignitātēm, kas saistītas ar šo vielu.
Mērķi: Šī pētījuma mērķis ir apskatīt šobrīd esošos riskus veselībai un bažas, kas radītas pēc saskares ar azbestu, ar azbestu saistītu slimību prevalenci aroda medicīnā, un kas tiek darīts, lai novērstu saskari ar azbestu aroda jomās Norvēģijā.
Metodes: Literatūras aprakstam tika izmantota PubMed datu bāze, kurā tika iegūtas publikācijas ar atslēgas vārdiem “Asbestos”, “Asbestosis” “Mesothelioma”, “Lung Cancer”, “Norway”, “Norge” “Occupational”. Visjaunākajiem pētījumiem ar ielāku citātu skaitu tika dota priekšroka. Norvēģijas onkoloģijas reģistrs arī tika izmantots, sniedzot statistiskos datus. Šie avoti tika izmantoti literatūras aprakstam.
Rezultāti: “Azbests vietā” šobrīd ir lielākais izaicinājums, ko rada azbests Norvēģijā. Mezoteliomas prevalence, labs indikators, ka pagātnē cilvēks tika pakļauts saskarei ar azbestu, sasniedza virsotni agrajos 2000 gados, un kopš tā laika samazinās un turpina samazināties. Norvēģijā nav centrālā reģistra, kas akumulētu visus strādniekus, kas kontaktējās ar azbestu, un šāda centrālā reģistra nav arī struktūrās, kurās atrodas azbests. Azbesta noteikšana struktūrās un profesionālu apmācība, kā apieties ar šo materiālu, ir nepietiekama, kā arī pastāv nesekmīgas rutīnas un kontroles sistēmas. Norvēģijā neeksistē arī pietiekama ziņošana par pacientiem, kas ieguvuši malignitāti saistītu ar arodu.
Secinājumi: Ir nepieciešams atzīmēt atlikušos “Azbests vietā” Norvēģijā. Ir nepieciešams ieviest pienācīgas rutīnas, kontaktējoties ar materiāliem, kas satur azbestu. Ir svarīgi, ka katrs paients, kuram tika diagnosticēta malignitāte, apmeklē aroda un vides speciālistu, kas ievāks pienācīgu anamnēzi par arodu. Norvēģijas darba inspekcija nesen publicēja atskaiti par azbesta stāvokli Norvēģijā, un vairāk pētījumu tiek veikti sakarā ar šo jautājumu.
ABSTRACT Background: Asbestos is a highly carcinogenic substance of which there exists more than 20 000 tons of in different buildings, machines and vehicles in Norway today, more than 35 years after the total ban by the Norwegian government. There is reason to believe that awareness of asbestos and the health risks it poses has declined in recent years and we could be faced with a “third wave” of asbestos related malignancies in the future. Aims: The aim of this paper is to review the current health risks and concerns posed by asbestos exposure, the prevalence of occupational asbestos related diseases and what is being done to prevent occupational asbestos exposure in Norway. Methods: A literary review was made using the database of PubMed to acquire publications with the search words “Asbestos”, “Asbestosis” “Mesothelioma”, “Lung Cancer”, “Norway”, “Norge” “Occupational”. More recent or heavily cited publications were favored. The Norwegian Cancer Registry was also used for supplying statistics. This was used to make a literary review. Results: “Asbestos in place” is currently the biggest challenge posed by asbestos in Norway. The prevalence of mesothelioma, a good indicator for asbestos exposure in the past, reached a peak in the early 2000’s and has since declined and is continuing to decline. There is no central register in Norway for registering workers who have been exposed to asbestos and neither is there any central registry of asbestos containing structures. The detection of asbestos in place and the training of professionals in the handling of the material is lacking as well as routines and control systems. There is also an underreporting of occupationally linked malignancies by physicians in Norway. Conclusions: There is a need to map out the remaining “asbestos in place” in Norway. Enforcement of proper routines should be done in the handling of asbestos containing materials. It is of importance that everyone who is diagnosed with malignancies get to see an occupational and environmental physician and have a proper occupational anamnesis taken. The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority has recently published a report on the status of asbestos in Norway, and more research is being done on the subject.
ABSTRACT Background: Asbestos is a highly carcinogenic substance of which there exists more than 20 000 tons of in different buildings, machines and vehicles in Norway today, more than 35 years after the total ban by the Norwegian government. There is reason to believe that awareness of asbestos and the health risks it poses has declined in recent years and we could be faced with a “third wave” of asbestos related malignancies in the future. Aims: The aim of this paper is to review the current health risks and concerns posed by asbestos exposure, the prevalence of occupational asbestos related diseases and what is being done to prevent occupational asbestos exposure in Norway. Methods: A literary review was made using the database of PubMed to acquire publications with the search words “Asbestos”, “Asbestosis” “Mesothelioma”, “Lung Cancer”, “Norway”, “Norge” “Occupational”. More recent or heavily cited publications were favored. The Norwegian Cancer Registry was also used for supplying statistics. This was used to make a literary review. Results: “Asbestos in place” is currently the biggest challenge posed by asbestos in Norway. The prevalence of mesothelioma, a good indicator for asbestos exposure in the past, reached a peak in the early 2000’s and has since declined and is continuing to decline. There is no central register in Norway for registering workers who have been exposed to asbestos and neither is there any central registry of asbestos containing structures. The detection of asbestos in place and the training of professionals in the handling of the material is lacking as well as routines and control systems. There is also an underreporting of occupationally linked malignancies by physicians in Norway. Conclusions: There is a need to map out the remaining “asbestos in place” in Norway. Enforcement of proper routines should be done in the handling of asbestos containing materials. It is of importance that everyone who is diagnosed with malignancies get to see an occupational and environmental physician and have a proper occupational anamnesis taken. The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority has recently published a report on the status of asbestos in Norway, and more research is being done on the subject.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Azbests, Norvēģija, Mezoteliomas, Plaušu Vēzis, arodmedicīna, Asbestos, Norway, Mesothelioma, Lung cancer, Occupational Medicine