Dzimums kā ietekmējošs faktors sieviešu pārstāvībai augstākās izglītības iestādes vadītāja amatā Latvijā
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Date
2020
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Maģistra darba tēma ir “Dzimums kā ietekmējošs faktors sieviešu pārstāvībai augstākās izglītības iestādes vadītāja amatā Latvijā”.
Maģistra darba tēmas aktualitāte ir saistīta ar dzimumu nevienlīdzību valsts pārvaldē, kur šī darba pētījuma ietvaros tika analizēta dzimumu pārstāvība rektora amatā valsts augstskolās. Kā liecina IZM statistika par 2018.gadu, Latvijas valsts augstskolās profesoru skaits, kas ir pamatprasība rektora kandidātiem, kopā bija – 593, no kuriem 259 - sievietes, 43%, t.i. kas sastāda gandrīz pusi no personāla, kas var pretendēt uz rektora amatu. Tomēr šā brīža rektoru statistika pēc dzimuma ir 63% - vīrieši, 37% - sievietes.
Šī pētījuma ietvaros darba autore izvēlējās jauktās pētījuma metodes. Tika īstenotas 7 intervijas ar Latvijas valsts augstskolu rektorēm; tika saņemtas 34 atbildes uz tiešsaites ankešu jautājumiem sievietēm vadītājām valsts augstskolu administrācijā, kā arī 20 atbildes uz tiešsaites anketu jautājumiem vīriešiem vadītājiem valsts augstskolu administrācijā. Noslēgumā notika 1 intervija ar Latvijas Republikas Izglītības un zinātnes ministrijas pārstāvi, lai izvērtētu pētījuma hipotēzi no tiesiskā regulējuma un politisko uzstādījumu perspektīvas. Rezultāti saskan ar iepriekšējo pētījumu rezultātiem citās pasaules valstīs un tos lielā mērā var izskaidrot ar šā brīža Rietumu pasaules feminisma teorijām, kuras uzskaita iemeslus sieviešu neproporcionālai pārstāvībai vadošajos amatos.
Darbs sastāv no pētījuma teorētiskā ietvara, kas iekļauj 1.nodaļu par “stikla griestu” pamata teorijām, 2.nodaļu par starptautisko organizāciju skatījumu uz dzimumu līdztiesības jautājumiem; 3.nodaļas ar metožu aprakstu, pielietojumu, iegūtiem rezultātiem un to interpretācijām, secinājumiem, izmantoto avotu un literatūras saraksta un pielikumiem.
Darba nozīmīgākie secinājumi: 1) Noteicošie faktori sieviešu neproporcionālai pārstāvībai augstākās izglītības (AI) iestāžu Latvijā ir individuālie sieviešu faktori un ģimenes apstākļi, kas apstiprina pētījuma hipotēzi. 2) Dzimumu diskriminācija pret sievietēm galvenokārt eksistē vai nesen eksistēja lielajās un senākajās Latvijas augstskolās. 3) Diskriminācija pret sievietēm akadēmiskajā vidē vērojama vairāk no citu sieviešu puses, nevis no vīriešiem. 4) Viens no iespējamiem iemesliem Latvijas kontekstā saistībā ar sieviešu neproporcionālo pārstāvību rektoru amatā valsts augstskolās varētu būt tas, ka sievietes jau sākotnēji piesakās mazāk vai pieņem lēmumu nepieteikties rektoru vēlēšanām u.c.
Nākotnē šī pētījuma rezultātus varētu pārbaudīt citos Latvijas valsts pārvaldes sektoros, kā arī šis pētījums varētu būt par pamatu nākotnes pētījumiem vairākos virzienos saistībā ar sieviešu līderību valsts pārvaldē.
Atslēgvārdi: sieviešu līderība; stikla griesti; akadēmiskā vide; Latvija; valsts augstskolas.
The topic of the Master's thesis is "Gender as an influencing factor for women's representation in the position of the head of higher education institutions in Latvia". The topicality of the Master's thesis topic is related to the gender inequality in public administration, where the the representation by gender in the position of rector in state universities was studied within the framework of this research. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education and Science for 2018, the total number of professors in Latvian state higher education institutions, which is the basic requirement for rector candidates, was 593, of which 259 were women, representing almost half of the staff eligible for the post of rector. However, the current statistics of rectors by gender is: 63% - men, 37% - women. Within the framework of this study, the author of the thesis chose mixed research methods. As a result, 7 interviews were conducted with women rectors of state universities in Latvia; 34 responses to online questionnaires for female managers in the state HEI administration were received, as well as 20 responses to online questionnaires for the male managers in the state HEI administration. Finally, 1 interview was held with a representative of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia to evaluate the research issue from the perspective of legal regulation and political settings. The results are consistent with previous research in other parts of the world and can be largely explained by current Western world feminism theories that list the reasons for the disproportionate representation of women in leadership positions. The work consists of the theoretical framework of the research, which includes Chapter 1 on the basic theories of glass ceilings; Chapter 2 on the views of international organizations on the issue of gender equality; Chapter 3 with description of methods, application, obtained results and their interpretation; conclusions, list of sources and literature used and appendices. The most important conclusions of the work: 1) The influencing factors of the disproportionate representation of women in the administrative management of HEI in Latvia are individual women's factors and family circumstances, which confirms the research hypothesis. 2) Gender discrimination against women exists/has recently existed in large and old Latvian higher education institutions. 3) Discrimination against women in academia is more coming from other women than from men. 4) One of the possible reasons in the Latvian context for disproportionate representation of women in the position of rectors could be that women are initially under-represented in rector elections in state universities, etc. In the future, the results of this study could be the basis for future research in several areas related to female leadership in public administration. Keywords: female leadership; glass ceiling; academia; Latvia; state universities.
The topic of the Master's thesis is "Gender as an influencing factor for women's representation in the position of the head of higher education institutions in Latvia". The topicality of the Master's thesis topic is related to the gender inequality in public administration, where the the representation by gender in the position of rector in state universities was studied within the framework of this research. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education and Science for 2018, the total number of professors in Latvian state higher education institutions, which is the basic requirement for rector candidates, was 593, of which 259 were women, representing almost half of the staff eligible for the post of rector. However, the current statistics of rectors by gender is: 63% - men, 37% - women. Within the framework of this study, the author of the thesis chose mixed research methods. As a result, 7 interviews were conducted with women rectors of state universities in Latvia; 34 responses to online questionnaires for female managers in the state HEI administration were received, as well as 20 responses to online questionnaires for the male managers in the state HEI administration. Finally, 1 interview was held with a representative of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia to evaluate the research issue from the perspective of legal regulation and political settings. The results are consistent with previous research in other parts of the world and can be largely explained by current Western world feminism theories that list the reasons for the disproportionate representation of women in leadership positions. The work consists of the theoretical framework of the research, which includes Chapter 1 on the basic theories of glass ceilings; Chapter 2 on the views of international organizations on the issue of gender equality; Chapter 3 with description of methods, application, obtained results and their interpretation; conclusions, list of sources and literature used and appendices. The most important conclusions of the work: 1) The influencing factors of the disproportionate representation of women in the administrative management of HEI in Latvia are individual women's factors and family circumstances, which confirms the research hypothesis. 2) Gender discrimination against women exists/has recently existed in large and old Latvian higher education institutions. 3) Discrimination against women in academia is more coming from other women than from men. 4) One of the possible reasons in the Latvian context for disproportionate representation of women in the position of rectors could be that women are initially under-represented in rector elections in state universities, etc. In the future, the results of this study could be the basis for future research in several areas related to female leadership in public administration. Keywords: female leadership; glass ceiling; academia; Latvia; state universities.
Description
Reģionālā politika un valsts pārvaldība
Regional Politics and State Administration
Socioloģija, politoloģija un antropoloģija
Sociology, Politics and Anthropology
Regional Politics and State Administration
Socioloģija, politoloģija un antropoloģija
Sociology, Politics and Anthropology
Keywords
sieviešu līderība; stikla griesti; akadēmiskā vide; Latvija; valsts augstskolas., female leadership; glass ceiling; academia; Latvia; state universities.