Biedrību pārvaldes un mantisko attiecību tiesiskais regulējums
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Date
2022
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Līdz ar demokrātijas nostiprināšanos Latvijas Republikā nostiprinās arī cilvēktiesības, tajā skaitā tiesības uz biedrošanās brīvību. Šo tiesību īstenošanas rezultātā valstī biedrību un nodibinājumu skaits ir skaitliski liels - saskaņā ar Lursoft statistikas datiem sabiedrisko organizāciju skaits Latvijā 2021. gadā pārsniedz 25 000. Daudzveidīgā un skaitliskā biedrību pārstāvniecība rada iespējas pārstāvēt lielas sabiedrības daļas viedokli, kļūstot par sociālo partneri demokrātisku valstu pārvaldībā un attīstības veidošanā. Biedrības un nodibinājumi ieņem aizvien lielāku nozīmi mūsdienu sabiedrībā; tos jau sāk dēvēt par trešo vai sociālās ekonomikas sektoru, kas veicina tautsaimniecības un sabiedrības labklājības attīstību.
Tomēr sektora nozīmei pieaugot, tas saskarās arī ar jauniem izaicinājumiem. Finanšu plūsmu necaurskatāmība, reiderisms, investīciju piesaiste un ziedojumu saņemšanas apgrūtinājumi un citi komercsektoram raksturīgiem izaicinājumi liek analizēt sektoru atbilstoši mūsdienu tendencēm. Pētnieciskajā darbā tiek analizēts sektora jeb biedrību un nodibinājuma tiesiskais regulējums, identificējot tajā esošo problemātiku un izvirzītu nepieciešamos priekšlikumus tā pilnveidei, tādējādi veicinot pilsoniskās sabiedrības iniciatīvu ilgtspēju.
Pētnieciskā darba mērķis ir analizēt biedrības biedru un biedrības valdes locekļu tiesisko regulējumu mantisko līdzekļu pārvaldībā, konstatēt mantisko tiesību aizskāruma problēmu kā negatīvu faktoru biedrību ilgtermiņa attīstībā un izvirzīt priekšlikumus saistošā tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveidei.
Pētījumā tiek raksturota biedrību vēsturiskā attīstība Latvijā un mantisko tiesību nozīme tajās. Darbā tiek pētīta biedrību un nodibinājumu klasifikācija un analizēta tā kā sociālās ekonomikas sektora piemērotība mūsdienu izaicinājumiem un biedrību pārvaldes struktūras nosakošie normatīvie akti, biedru, biedru kopsapulces un valdes tiesības un pienākumi. Tāpat darbā tiek pētīts un analizēts biedrību saimnieciskās darbības tiesiskais regulējums, ar mantisko vērtību un finanšu līdzekļu pārvaldību saistīto lēmumu procedūru kārtība biedrībās un saistošais tiesiskai regulējums.
Pamatojoties uz darbā pētīto avotu analīzi, autors piedāvā pilnveidot biedrību valdes locekļu institūta atbildības un biedru kopsapulces institūta pienākumu tiesisko regulējumu, kā arī sniedz citus priekšlikumus saistošā tiesību akta, Biedrību un nodibinājuma likuma, pilnveidošanai, balstoties uz korporatīvās pārvaldības principiem.
With the strengthening of democracy in the Republic of Latvia, human rights are also being strengthened, including the right to freedom of association. As a result of implementation of these rights, the number of associations and foundations in the country is numerically large – according to the Lursot statistical data, the number of civil society organisations in Latvia in 2021 exceeds 25 000. A diverse and numerical representation of associations creates opportunities to represent views of a large part of the society thus becoming a social partner in the democratic governance and development of the countries. Associations and foundations are playing an increasingly important role in the modern society; they are now even being called the third or social economy sector that contributes to the development of the economy and well-being of the society. However, as the sector grows in importance, it also faces challenges. Lack of transparency of financial flows, corporate raid, investment attraction and difficulties in receiving donations, and other challenges specific to the commercial sector make it necessary to analyse the sector according to modern trends. The paper analyses the legal framework of the sector or associations and foundations, identifying problems and putting forward proposals for its improvement, thus promoting the sustainability of the civil society initiatives. The aim of the paper is to analyse the legal regulation of members and members of the board of associations in relation to the management of assets, to identify the problem of infringement of asset ownership rights as a negative factor affecting development of associations in the long term and to make proposals for improving the binding legal framework. The paper describes the historical development of associations in Latvia and the importance of asset ownership. Classification of associations and foundations is studied and the suitability of the social economy sector for modern challengers and regulatory enactments determining the management structure of associations, the rights and obligations of the members, members` general assembly meetings and the board are analysed. Legal regulation of the economic activity of associations, decision-making procedure related to the management of assets and financial resources and binding legal regulation are also studied and analysed. Analysing resources studied in the paper, the author proposes to improve legal framework of liability of board and duties of the members` general assembly meeting as well as provides other proposals for improving the binding legal act, the Law on Associations and Foundations, in conformity with principles of corporate governance.
With the strengthening of democracy in the Republic of Latvia, human rights are also being strengthened, including the right to freedom of association. As a result of implementation of these rights, the number of associations and foundations in the country is numerically large – according to the Lursot statistical data, the number of civil society organisations in Latvia in 2021 exceeds 25 000. A diverse and numerical representation of associations creates opportunities to represent views of a large part of the society thus becoming a social partner in the democratic governance and development of the countries. Associations and foundations are playing an increasingly important role in the modern society; they are now even being called the third or social economy sector that contributes to the development of the economy and well-being of the society. However, as the sector grows in importance, it also faces challenges. Lack of transparency of financial flows, corporate raid, investment attraction and difficulties in receiving donations, and other challenges specific to the commercial sector make it necessary to analyse the sector according to modern trends. The paper analyses the legal framework of the sector or associations and foundations, identifying problems and putting forward proposals for its improvement, thus promoting the sustainability of the civil society initiatives. The aim of the paper is to analyse the legal regulation of members and members of the board of associations in relation to the management of assets, to identify the problem of infringement of asset ownership rights as a negative factor affecting development of associations in the long term and to make proposals for improving the binding legal framework. The paper describes the historical development of associations in Latvia and the importance of asset ownership. Classification of associations and foundations is studied and the suitability of the social economy sector for modern challengers and regulatory enactments determining the management structure of associations, the rights and obligations of the members, members` general assembly meetings and the board are analysed. Legal regulation of the economic activity of associations, decision-making procedure related to the management of assets and financial resources and binding legal regulation are also studied and analysed. Analysing resources studied in the paper, the author proposes to improve legal framework of liability of board and duties of the members` general assembly meeting as well as provides other proposals for improving the binding legal act, the Law on Associations and Foundations, in conformity with principles of corporate governance.
Description
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Law Science
Tiesību zinātne
Law Science
Keywords
biedrība, mantiskās attiecības, korporatīvā pārvalde, cilvēktiesības, sociālās ekonomikas sektors., association, property relations, corporate governance, human rights, social economy sector.