Jauniešu zināšanas par seksualo un reproduktīvo veselību
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Date
2020
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Bakalaura darbs tika izstrādāts, lai noskaidrotu, kādas ir jauniešu zināšanas par seksuālo
un reproduktīvo veselību. Lai gan Latvijā un pasaulē plaši tiek veikti pētījumi seksuālās un
reproduktīvās veselības jomā, tomēr nav redzami reāli uzlabojumi - HIV inficēto jauniešu
skaits tikai pieaug, inficēšanās visbiežāk notiek heteroseksuālu attiecību laikā. Kopš 2012. gada
ik gadu Latvijā tiek reģistrēti vairāk kā 300 jauni HIV gadījumi – vidēji 350 inficēto gadā Arī
neplānotas grūtniecības un abortu skaits nesamazinās. Latvijā katru gadu vidēji 2% bērni dzimst
nepilngadīgām mātēm. Šī situācija var būt saistīta ar to, ka jauniešu zināšanas ir nepilnīgas vai
izpratne par reproduktīvo veselību, slimību izplatību un kontracepciju ir ierobežota.
Pētījuma mērķis ir noskaidrot jauniešu zināšanas, kas saistītas ar seksuālo un
reproduktīvo veselību, kā arī kontracepcijas pielietošanu un seksuāli transmisīvām slimībām.
Pētījumā piedalījās jaunieši vecumā no 18 līdz 25 gadiem. Tajā izmantota autores sagatavota
anketa, kas iekļauj apgalvojumus un jautājumus par pētījuma tēmu un jauniešu sociāldemogrāfiskajiem datiem.
Pētījumā no 22 anketā iekļautajiem apgalvojumiem vismaz 70% pareizas atbildes ir tikai
13 no tiem. Precīzāka spēja atbildēt uz anketas jautājumiem bija novērojama sievietēm, kā arī
jauniešiem vecuma grupā 22-25 gadi. Pētījumā noskaidrots, ka gandrīz puse no respondentiem
ir apmeklējuši nodarbības par veselību, kontracepciju, STS un līdzīgām tēmām, un 89% no
aptaujātajiem norāda uz šādu nodarbību nepieciešamību, taču zināšanu līmenis vienalga nav
pietiekams, lai jaunieši spētu pieņemt informētus lēmumus par savu veselību. Jauniešu vidū
vispopulārākā kontracepcijas metode ir vīriešu prezervatīvs. Sievietes pārzina arī citus
kontracepcijas līdzekļus labāk kā vīrieši. Tomēr kopumā jauniešiem ir nepilnīgas zināšanas par
sieviešu ovulāciju, kontracepcijas lietošanu un tās efektivitāti. Jaunieši visvairāk informācijas
par reproduktīvo veselību uzzina internetā, bet norāda, ka vēlētos, lai medicīnas personāls arī
nodrošinātu šādu iespēju.
Pētījumā iegūtie dati ļauj secināt, ka joprojām Latvijā ir nepietiekoši pieejama informācija
jauniešu vidū par reproduktīvo veselību, seksuālām attiecībām un slimību transmisiju. Lai
samazinātu saslimstību ar HIV, seksuāli transmisīvajām slimībām un izvairītos no nevēlamas
pusaudžu grūtniecības, ir jāveicina jauniešu izglītošana gan skolās, gan ar medicīnas speciālistu
palīdzību.
The bachelor's thesis was designed to find out and make young people aware of sexual and reproductive health. Although research in the field of sexual and reproductive health is widely conducted in Latvia and around the world, no real improvements can be seen - the number of HIV-infected young people is only increasing, infection most often occurs during heterosexual intercourse. Since 2012, more than 300 new HIV cases have been registered every year in Latvia - around 350 people in a year. Also there are high number of unplanned pregnancies and the number of abortions is not decreasing. In Latvia, every year 2% of children are born to underage mothers. This situation may be due to the incomplete knowledge of young people or the limited understanding of reproductive health, the spread of disease and contraception. The aim of the study is to find out young people's knowledge related to sexual and reproductive health, as well as contraceptive use and sexually transmitted diseases. The study involved young people aged 18 to 25 years. It uses a questionnaire prepared by the author, which includes statements and questions about the research topic and socio-demographic data of young people. Of the 22 statements in the study, at least 70% of the correct answers are only 13. More accurate ability to answer the questionnaire questions was observed for women, as well as young people in the age group 22-25 years. The study found that almost half of the respondents had attended classes on health, contraception, STDs and similar topics, and 89% of respondents indicated the need for such classes, but the level of knowledge is still not enough to enable young people to make informed decisions about their health. The most popular method of contraception among young people is the male condom. Women knowladge is better at using other methods of contraception than men. However, in general, young people have incomplete knowledge about female ovulation, contraceptive use and its effectiveness. Young people get the most information on reproductive health online, but say they would like medical staff to provide this opportunity as well. The data obtained in the study allow concluding that there is still insufficient information available among young people in Latvia about reproductive health, sexual relations and disease transmission. In order to reduce the incidence of HIV, sexually transmitted diseases and avoid unwanted teenage pregnancies, it is necessary to promote the education of young people both in schools and with the help of medical professionals. Keywords of the bachelor's thesis: youth, knowledge, contraception, HIV / AIDS, unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases
The bachelor's thesis was designed to find out and make young people aware of sexual and reproductive health. Although research in the field of sexual and reproductive health is widely conducted in Latvia and around the world, no real improvements can be seen - the number of HIV-infected young people is only increasing, infection most often occurs during heterosexual intercourse. Since 2012, more than 300 new HIV cases have been registered every year in Latvia - around 350 people in a year. Also there are high number of unplanned pregnancies and the number of abortions is not decreasing. In Latvia, every year 2% of children are born to underage mothers. This situation may be due to the incomplete knowledge of young people or the limited understanding of reproductive health, the spread of disease and contraception. The aim of the study is to find out young people's knowledge related to sexual and reproductive health, as well as contraceptive use and sexually transmitted diseases. The study involved young people aged 18 to 25 years. It uses a questionnaire prepared by the author, which includes statements and questions about the research topic and socio-demographic data of young people. Of the 22 statements in the study, at least 70% of the correct answers are only 13. More accurate ability to answer the questionnaire questions was observed for women, as well as young people in the age group 22-25 years. The study found that almost half of the respondents had attended classes on health, contraception, STDs and similar topics, and 89% of respondents indicated the need for such classes, but the level of knowledge is still not enough to enable young people to make informed decisions about their health. The most popular method of contraception among young people is the male condom. Women knowladge is better at using other methods of contraception than men. However, in general, young people have incomplete knowledge about female ovulation, contraceptive use and its effectiveness. Young people get the most information on reproductive health online, but say they would like medical staff to provide this opportunity as well. The data obtained in the study allow concluding that there is still insufficient information available among young people in Latvia about reproductive health, sexual relations and disease transmission. In order to reduce the incidence of HIV, sexually transmitted diseases and avoid unwanted teenage pregnancies, it is necessary to promote the education of young people both in schools and with the help of medical professionals. Keywords of the bachelor's thesis: youth, knowledge, contraception, HIV / AIDS, unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases
Description
Vecmāte
Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Midwifery
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
jaunietis, zināšanas, kontracepcija, HIV/AIDS, neplānotagrūtniecība, seksuāli transmisīvās saslimšanas, youth, knowledge, contraception, HIV / AIDS, unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases.