Gut Microbiota and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Literature Review
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Date
2021
Authors
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Journal ISSN
Volume Title
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Alcheimera slimība (AS) ir neirodeģeneratīva saslimšana, kurai raksturīga progresējoša kognitīvā disfunkcija. Slimības patoģenēze ietver amiloid-β plāksņu veidošanos un patoloģisku tau proteīna hiperfosforilēšanos, veidojot neirofibrillāros mezglus. Pētījumi par AS atklāj autoimūna neironāla iekaisuma jeb neiroinflamācijas nozīmi slimības patoģenēzē. Informācijas savstarpēja transmisija no zarnu sistēmas uz smadzenēm notiek caur zarnu mikrobioma savstapējo saikni. Disbiotiskais stāvoklis zarnās var saasināt neiroinflammācijas procesu, veicinot neirodeģenerācijas procesa attīstību. Disbioze notiek dažādu faktoru iejaukšanās dēļ, kas izraisa organismā cirkulējošo iekaisuma marķieru palielināšanos. Izpratne par zarnu mikrobioma ietekmi uz AD patoģenēzi ļauj izstrādāt jaunas terapijas iespējas un veicināt slimības profilakses attīstību, piemēram, pielietot profilaktiski probiotiku, prebiotiku terapiju, kā arī diētas un nematodes infekcijas terapiju, lai modulētu imūno reakcijas mehānismu.
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that presents with progressive cognitive dysfunction. The pathogenesis of the disease involves Amyloid-β plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation with formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Developments in the research about AD revealed the importance of neuroinflammation in pathogenesis of the disease. Communication between the gut and the brain happens through MGBA. A dysbiotic state in the intestines, can exacerbate the neuroinflammation, enhancing neurodegeneration. Dysbiosis happens by interference of different factors that lead to an increase in inflammatory markers circulating in the body. The understanding of GM influence on AD pathogenesis allows the development of new forms of therapy and prevention of disease, such as probiotics, prebiotics, FMT, diet and nematode infection modulation of the immune system.
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that presents with progressive cognitive dysfunction. The pathogenesis of the disease involves Amyloid-β plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation with formation of neurofibrillary tangles. Developments in the research about AD revealed the importance of neuroinflammation in pathogenesis of the disease. Communication between the gut and the brain happens through MGBA. A dysbiotic state in the intestines, can exacerbate the neuroinflammation, enhancing neurodegeneration. Dysbiosis happens by interference of different factors that lead to an increase in inflammatory markers circulating in the body. The understanding of GM influence on AD pathogenesis allows the development of new forms of therapy and prevention of disease, such as probiotics, prebiotics, FMT, diet and nematode infection modulation of the immune system.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
Alcheimera slimība, neiroinflamācijas, zarnu microbiota, Alzheimer's Disease, neuroinflammation, Gut microbiota