The Main Theories on the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis
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Date
2023
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Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte
Rīga Stradiņš University
Rīga Stradiņš University
Abstract
Endometrioze ir sarežģīta slimība, kura ir definēta kā endometrija audu abnormāla augšana ārpus dzemdes. Tā ietekmē aptuveni 10% reproduktīvā vecuma sieviešu visā pasaulē. Endometrioze izraisa simptomus kas ievērojami pasliktinā pacientes labklājību – tādus kā stipras sāpes iegurnī, iegurņa orgānu disfunkcija, neauglība un sekundārie psihiskie traucējumi. Endometrioze diezgan bieži tiek diagnosticēta novēloti nespecifiskas manifestācijas dēļ. Kopš slimība tika definēta, tika apsvērti vairāki dažādi patoģenētiskie ceļi, ieskaitot retrogrādu menstruāciju, labdabīgo metastāzēšanos, imūno disregulāciju, celomisku metaplāsiju, hormonālu disbalansu, cilmes šūnu iesaisti un izmaiņas epiģenētiskā regulācijā, bet īstā endometriozes patoģenēze paliek slikti izprasta. Zināšanas par precīzu slimības izcelsmes un progresijas mehanismu ir svarīgas priekš atbilstošas ārstēšanas. Līdz ar to, šīs literatūras apskats ziņo par endometriozes galvenajām patoģenēzes teorijām pamatojoties uz aktuāliem pētījumiem.
Endometriosis is a complex disease, which is defined by abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It affects about 10% of women of reproductive age all over the world. Endometriosis causes symptoms that notably worsen patient’s well-being—such as severe pelvic pain, dysfunction of the organs of pelvic cavity, infertility and secondary mental issues. The diagnosis of endometriosis is quite often delayed because of nonspecific manifestations. Since the disease was defined, several different pathogenetic pathways have been considered, including retrograde menstruation, benign metastasis, immune dysregulation, coelomic metaplasia, hormonal disbalance, involvement of stem cells and alterations in epigenetic regulation, but the true pathogenesis of endometriosis remains poorly understood. The knowledge of the exact mechanism of the origin and progression of this disease is significant for the appropriate treatment. Therefore, this review reports the main pathogenetic theories of endometriosis based on current studies.
Endometriosis is a complex disease, which is defined by abnormal growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It affects about 10% of women of reproductive age all over the world. Endometriosis causes symptoms that notably worsen patient’s well-being—such as severe pelvic pain, dysfunction of the organs of pelvic cavity, infertility and secondary mental issues. The diagnosis of endometriosis is quite often delayed because of nonspecific manifestations. Since the disease was defined, several different pathogenetic pathways have been considered, including retrograde menstruation, benign metastasis, immune dysregulation, coelomic metaplasia, hormonal disbalance, involvement of stem cells and alterations in epigenetic regulation, but the true pathogenesis of endometriosis remains poorly understood. The knowledge of the exact mechanism of the origin and progression of this disease is significant for the appropriate treatment. Therefore, this review reports the main pathogenetic theories of endometriosis based on current studies.
Description
Medicīna
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Medicine
Veselības aprūpe
Health Care
Keywords
endometrioze; patoģenēze; imūnā regulācija; estrogēns; progesterons; cilmes šūnas; metaplāzija; epiģenētika; karcinoģenēze, endometriosis; pathogenesis; immune regulation; oestrogen; progesterone; stem cells; metaplasia; epigenetics; carcinogenesis