Diagnostics and treatment of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis in Latvia
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2019-05-01
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Abstract
Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity, mortality and surgical emergencies. As the survival rate of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants is rising, so is the risk of NEC. The aim of this study was to compare diagnostics parameters like clinical and radiological findings and laboratory indicators and the treatment and outcome of NEC patients from 2000 till 2007 (Group 1) and from 2008 till 2016 (Group 2) treated in Neonatology Clinic (NC) of Children's Clinical University Hospital (CCUH). In the rectrospective study, 277 newborns were divided among Group I and Group II - 105 and 172 patients, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between both study groups in mean gestational age and birth weight. In both groups the first signs of NEC appeared on average eight days after birth. Differences in the diagnostic method used in both groups were not statistically significant; specific radiological findings were seen in approximately 1/3 of the cases. There were statistically significant differences in the management of NEC and patient mortality. Conservative therapy was applied in 70.0% of patients in both study groups. Over time, peritoneal drainage (PPD) as the sole surgical treatment decreased by 6.4%, but PPD with following enterostomy decreased by 8.9%. In Group 2 mortality of NEC patients decreased by 17.4%. Mortality among surgically treated NEC patients decreased as well, by 9.0%.
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Funding Information: The study was supported by the National Research Programme project Biomedicine for Public Health (BIOMEDICINE) No. 6.1 “Research on acute and chronic diseases in a wide age-range children to develop diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms to reduce mortality, prolong survival and improve quality of life”. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Ilze Meldere et al., published by Sciendo 2019.
Keywords
mortality, necrotising enterocolitis, neonate, preterm infant, surgical management, 3.2 Clinical medicine, 1.1. Scientific article indexed in Web of Science and/or Scopus database, General
Citation
Meldere, I, Rucka, L, Smilga, S, Ābola, Z & Petersons, A 2019, 'Diagnostics and treatment of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis in Latvia', Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, Section B: Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences, vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 139-145. https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2019-0022