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Browsing by Author "Vilks, Andrejs"

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AKTUĀLĀS SOCIĀLI PEDAGOĢISKĀS PIEEJAS DEVIANTĪVĀS UZVEDĪBAS PREVENCĒ
(Rēzeknes Tehnoloģiju akadēmija, 2013) Vilks, Andrejs; Rīga Stradiņš University
The topicality of deviant behaviour prevention is related to the socio-economic crisis and its negative effects, which contribute expression increases of deflected social activities. Increase of poverty level determines the problem of public interest and the risk situation, which makes it necessary to improve the socio-pedagogical approach to deviant behaviorwarning. At the same time, social and pedagogical resources for constructive problem solving and deviant behaviour warning remainslimited. The increase of the efficiency of socio-educational activities is possible on the basis of relevant professional qualifications of employees, of the intervention of socio-educational impact (enhancing of the segment of activities).
Apdrošināšanas krāpšanas krimināltiesiskie un kriminoloģiskie aspekti. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2012) Alfejeva, Jeļena; Vilks, Andrejs
Promocijas darba mērķis ir izpētīt apdrošināšanas krāpšanas kā kriminoloģiska rakstura parādību, apzināt tās būtību un izplatību, novērtēt negatīvas sekas un izstrādāt priekšlikumus tās apkarošanas un novēršanas pilnveidošanā. Promocijas darba struktūras pamatojums un izklāsts ir sekojošs. Promocijas darbā ir ievads, četras pamatdaļas, kuras ir sadalītās vairākās nodaļās un apakšnodaļās, secinājumi un priekšlikumi, izmantotās literatūras saraksts un pielikumi. Teorētisko un praktisko atziņu analīzes rezultāti ir atspoguļoti 17 attēlos (13 no kuriem ir pielikumā) un 8 tabulās. Darba ievadā tiek aplūkota pētāmās tēmas aktualitāte, kā arī tiek iztirzāti pētījuma mērķi, uzdevumi, pētījuma objekts un priekšmets, kā izmantotās zinātniskās metodes un metodoloģija. Darba pirmo daļu veido apdrošināšanas attiecību apskats, to īpatnību noskaidrošana, kā arī Latvijas un citu valstu tiesību aktu un zinātniskās literatūras analīze saistībā ar to. Darba otrajā daļā tiek apskatīti apdrošināšanas krāpšanas jēdziens, būtība, veidi, izplatība, sekas un ekonomisko procesu ietekme uz to. Darba trešajā daļā aprakstītas veiktās Latvijas iedzīvotāju aptaujas, ekspertu intervijas, tai skaitā iztaujājot Latvijas tiesnešus par jautājumiem saistībā ar apdrošināšanas krāpšanu, kā arī noteikti apdrošināšanas krāpšanas priekšnosacījumi. Darba ceturtajā daļā tiek piedāvāts iespējamo apdrošināšanas krāpšanas apkarošanas un novēršanas metožu apskats. Pētījuma empīriskās daļas apakšnodaļās ir atspoguļota empīriskā pētījuma dizains un pētījuma izlases pamatojums, pētīšanas metodoloģijas raksturojums, pētījuma norise, iegūtie rezultāti un to statistiskā un kvalitatīvā analīze, kā arī psiholoģiskā interpretācija. Pamatojoties uz teorētisko analīzi un pētījumā iegūtajiem empīriskajiem rezultātiem, ir izdarīti secinājumi un izteikti priekšlikumi. Darbā izmantotās literatūras saraksts sastāv no 169 literatūras avotiem un 56 citiem informatīviem resursiem latviešu, krievu un angļu valodās, kā arī normatīvajiem aktiem un tiesu prakses dokumentiem. Pielikumā tiek pievienotas pētījumu rezultātu aprēķinu tabulas, aptauju apraksts.
Apdrošināšanas krāpšanas krimināltiesiskie un kriminoloģiskie aspekti. Promocijas darbs
(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2012) Alfejeva, Jeļena; Vilks, Andrejs
Promocijas darba mērķis ir izpētīt apdrošināšanas krāpšanas kā kriminoloģiska rakstura parādību, apzināt tās būtību un izplatību, novērtēt negatīvas sekas un izstrādāt priekšlikumus tās apkarošanas un novēršanas pilnveidošanā. Promocijas darba struktūras pamatojums un izklāsts ir sekojošs. Promocijas darbā ir ievads, četras pamatdaļas, kuras ir sadalītās vairākās nodaļās un apakšnodaļās, secinājumi un priekšlikumi, izmantotās literatūras saraksts un pielikumi. Teorētisko un praktisko atziņu analīzes rezultāti ir atspoguļoti 17 attēlos (13 no kuriem ir pielikumā) un 8 tabulās. Darba ievadā tiek aplūkota pētāmās tēmas aktualitāte, kā arī tiek iztirzāti pētījuma mērķi, uzdevumi, pētījuma objekts un priekšmets, kā izmantotās zinātniskās metodes un metodoloģija. Darba pirmo daļu veido apdrošināšanas attiecību apskats, to īpatnību noskaidrošana, kā arī Latvijas un citu valstu tiesību aktu un zinātniskās literatūras analīze saistībā ar to. Darba otrajā daļā tiek apskatīti apdrošināšanas krāpšanas jēdziens, būtība, veidi, izplatība, sekas un ekonomisko procesu ietekme uz to. Darba trešajā daļā aprakstītas veiktās Latvijas iedzīvotāju aptaujas, ekspertu intervijas, tai skaitā iztaujājot Latvijas tiesnešus par jautājumiem saistībā ar apdrošināšanas krāpšanu, kā arī noteikti apdrošināšanas krāpšanas priekšnosacījumi. Darba ceturtajā daļā tiek piedāvāts iespējamo apdrošināšanas krāpšanas apkarošanas un novēršanas metožu apskats. Pētījuma empīriskās daļas apakšnodaļās ir atspoguļota empīriskā pētījuma dizains un pētījuma izlases pamatojums, pētīšanas metodoloģijas raksturojums, pētījuma norise, iegūtie rezultāti un to statistiskā un kvalitatīvā analīze, kā arī psiholoģiskā interpretācija. Pamatojoties uz teorētisko analīzi un pētījumā iegūtajiem empīriskajiem rezultātiem, ir izdarīti secinājumi un izteikti priekšlikumi. Darbā izmantotās literatūras saraksts sastāv no 169 literatūras avotiem un 56 citiem informatīviem resursiem latviešu, krievu un angļu valodās, kā arī normatīvajiem aktiem un tiesu prakses dokumentiem. Pielikumā tiek pievienotas pētījumu rezultātu aprēķinu tabulas, aptauju apraksts.
Challenges in Building a Secure Sustainable Society Amid Global Risks and Threats : Theoretical and Practical Aspects
(2024) Kipāne, Aldona; Vilks, Andrejs; Kuzņecova, Kristīne; Faculty of Social Sciences
The development of society must be based on its sustainability. The current geopolitical situation is linked to extensive security challenges, new extremist manifestations, and threats at international and national levels. In today’s circumstances, the classic conventional threats are complemented by new global threats: hybrid threats, terrorism, cybercrime, and transnational organised crime. The multiple factors affecting public security and its sustainable development are changing. The new types of threats destabilise international policies in the implementation of the strategy for the sustainable development of society, which requires an objectively determined need for their interdisciplinary study. The study process should take into account that the geopolitical situation is highly dynamic, and the perception and evaluation of its transformation are variable. The study results show that people face feelings of insecurity, anxiety, and depression in current socio-political settings. International global security index scores generally show adverse patterns in these parameters for countries and cities. The study uses a variety of information sources and cognitive tools to identify the state of security and its threats. Its results will contribute to the development of practical conceptual frameworks for the further development of a sustainable and safe society, taking into account global risks and threats. In a turbulent era characterised by risks, one needs to learn how to understand, anticipate, assess, manage, and mitigate their potential negative impacts. This requires appropriate action, technological solutions, and changes in attitudes.
CHALLENGES IN PROVIDING QUALITATIVE LEGAL EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 : EXPERIENCE OF RĪGA STRADINS UNIVERSITY
(2021-05-28) Vilks, Andrejs; Kipane, Aldona; Lubkina, Velta; Gunars , Strods; Vindaca, Olga; Rīga Stradiņš University
The spreading of COVID-19 since March 2020 has had a profound and irreversible impact on all spheres of life around the world. The long-term impact of the pandemic with unpredictable consequences will also be observed in the field of education. The aim of the article is to analyse the potential impact of COVID-19 on the providing of qualitative legal education.Full-fledged assurance of the qualitative education is linked to common conditions for acquiring of knowledge, skills and competences. There are certain specifics in obtaining legal education, especially higher education. It is related to a combination of circumstances that are relevant to the specific knowledge, skills and competences to be acquired by lawyers and legal assistants. In 2020 a new standard for the legal profession was approved, which not only defines new qualitative requirements for the relevant profession, but also determines the need to make adjustments in the relevant study programs. The process of implementing and performing qualitative legal education in the current circumstances is being transformed in line with the international and national regulatory frameworks in the context of management of COVID-19. As research methods descriptive, analytical and synthetic methods are used by the authors
Cilvēku tirdzniecība : kriminoloģiskās problēmas
(2019) Kipāne, Aldona; Vilks, Andrejs; Juridiskā fakultāte
Criminological problems of human trafficking have been considered in this article. The authors have provided insight into the problematic issues that pertain to the criminological aspects of this socio-legal phenomenon. Human trafficking is a dynamic phenomenon that easily adapts to changing conditions. Traditionally, human trafficking has the nature of organised crime. A variety of diverse causes and conditions lead to human trafficking. Globalisation of social and economic processes is one of the driving forces of human trafficking. Thus, measures to prevent trafficking in human beings must have an impact on broad segments of society
Cilvēku tirdzniecība: kriminoloģiskās problēmas
(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte / Rīga Stradiņš University, 2019) Vilks, Andrejs; Kipāne, Aldona; Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, Juridiskā fakultāte, Latvija
Rakstā tiek apskatītas ar cilvēku tirdzniecību saistītās kriminoloģiskās problēmas un ir sniegts ieskats par problēmjautājumiem, kas skar šī sociāli tiesiskā fenomena kriminoloģiskās izpētes aspektus. Cilvēku tirdzniecība ir dinamiska parādība, kas viegli pielāgojas mainīgiem apstākļiem. Tradicionāli cilvēku tirdzniecība ir organizētās noziedzības veids. Cilvēku tirdzniecību veicina daudzveidīgu cēloņu un apstākļu kopums. Viens no cilvēku tirdzniecības dzinējspēkiem ir sociālo un ekonomisko procesu globalizācija. Tādēļ cilvēku tirdzniecības prevencijas pasākumiem jāiedarbojas uz plašām sabiedrības dzīves jomām.
Containment of COVID-19 : International experience and management strategies
(2022-01-11) Kipāne, Aldona; Vilks, Andrejs; Vilka, L.; Vike, J.; Juridiskā fakultāte
The aim of the article is to study the international experience in the field of containment of COVID-19 and strategies for overcoming its negative effects. Descriptive, analytical, synthetic and modelling methods are used in the study. The authors analyze the international and national legal framework for the containment of COVID-19, as well as the results of particular studies in this field. The epidemiological, social, economic, legal and other effects of COVID-19 on modern society are comprehensive and possibly long lasting. The pandemic has affected all regions of the world. However, different countries and groups of countries are developing and implementing different COVID-19 management strategies and models to reduce negative impacts of it.
Corruption perception trends : European Union countries
(2023-11-17) Krivins, Anatolijs; Vilks, Andrejs; Kipane, Aldona; Rīga Stradiņš University
The study analyzes the perception of the level of corruption in the countries of the European Union. We decided to summarize and explore the results of the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) for the period from 2012 to 2022 in all EU countries - Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden. We then compared the 2012 results with the 2022 results for each EU country and identified the three countries with the best percentage performance. Our study identified three countries in the European Union, that saw the most rapid improvement in the CPI score from 2012 to 2022: Greece (+44%), Italy (+33%) and Latvia (+20%). These achievements are interesting and significant in two contexts. Firstly, the overall rating of the EU has increased by only 2% during this period. Secondly, our established in-depth study group (Greece, Italy and Latvia) demonstrated not only a significant percentage increase, but also the persistence of a positive trend. We can identify 3 trend leaders - Greece, Italy and Latvia - both in terms of percentage growth from 2012 to 2022, and in the proportion of years where there were noticeable improvement trends. It is significant that this dynamic was not affected by the overall trend in the EU.
Criminal and Criminological Aspects of Insurance Fraud. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2012) Alfejeva, Jeļena; Vilks, Andrejs
The aim of the promotion paper is to investigate the nature of insurance fraud as a criminological phenomenon, to identify the essence and distribution of insurance fraud, to evaluate adverse impacts of it and to develop proposals for combating and preventing insurance fraud. The paper consists of an introduction, four chapters divided into several sections and subsections, conclusions and proposals, references and appendices. Results of the theoretical and practical knowledge analysis are presented in 17 figures (13 as attachments) and 8 tables. The introduction reviews the topicality of the study subject and states the study purpose, objectives, object and subject, as well as the scientific methods and methodology used. The first chapter of the paper is a review of insurance relationships, clarification of their nature and analysis of the related legislation and scientific literature in Latvia and other countries. The second chapter of the paper goes into the definition of insurance fraud, its nature, types, prevalence and consequences, and the impact of the economic processes thereon. The third chapter describes the surveys of Latvian residents, expert interviews, including interviews with Latvian judges on insurance fraud issues as well as preconditions for insurance fraud are analyzed. The fourth chapter offers techniques to prevent and combat insurance fraud. Sections of the paper’s empirical part describe the study design and basis for selection, research methodology, research processes, results and psychological interpretation. Conclusions and proposals are made based on theoretical analysis and empirical results obtained during the study. The bibliography consists of 169 literature sources and 52 others information resources in Latvian, Russian and English languages, as well as legislation and case law documents. Annex is attached to the research results of calculation tables, questionnaires description.
Criminal Legal and Procedural Problems and Prospects for Improvement in Preventing and Combating Money Laundering. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2023) Neimane, Liene; Vilks, Andrejs
The legitimate purpose of confiscation of criminally acquired property can be defined as the removal of criminally acquired property from legal civil circulation in order to prevent its further circulation and the commission of further criminal offences, as well as to reduce the financial interest in committing criminal offences. During the research of court practice and the latest trends, the author has come to the conclusion that in order to recognize property as criminally obtained, changes in the current regulatory framework are necessary, as well as time and understanding in the appropriate application of the relevant norms in practice. The work examines current problems and trends in cases of money laundering. In order to decide the question of the legal origin of the property, there are often cases when the presented evidence is evaluated subjectively by the parties leading the process, when in fact there is no evidence base on the criminal origin of the funds. In the Latvian legal system, in any criminal offense resulting in the acquisition of criminal assets, or predicate crimes, confiscation of property or money is provided for, if there is sufficient reason to suspect that this property was obtained as a result of a criminal offense, that is, without a conviction, thus deductively searching for the subject of the criminal offense and actually bypassing the purpose of the Criminal Procedure Law, which provides for such a criminal procedure procedure that ensures the effective application of the norms of the Criminal Law and the fair settlement of criminal legal relations without unjustified interference in a person's life, because as practice shows, the actual procedure does not provide an effective mechanism, but unreasonably violates the rights of the person. The topic of the doctoral thesis “Criminal legal and procedural issues of prevention and combating of money laundering and prospects for against money laundering” was chosen, taking into account that in everyday work and the learning process, it is not uncommon to encounter cases where property or some other material value is confiscated in cases simply because there is no understanding or adequate education, knowledge and practical experience, which leads to unreasonable and subjective decisions, thus recognizing property as criminally obtained and confiscating it for the benefit of the state. With such actions, a risk is also created for the country itself, as various types of claims are often raised, including for damages in connection with human rights violations found by the European Court of Humanities, which is already a signal to the Latvian legislature about the need to create a more effective mechanism for confiscation of criminally obtained funds.
Criminological Aspects of Current Cyber Security
(2022-10-13) Vilks, Andrejs; Kipāne, Aldona; Kudeikina, Inga; Palkova, Karina; Grasis, Jānis; Juridiskā fakultāte
Purpose]To analyzethe criminological features of the sensitivity of security in the cyber space on the basis of theoretical and empirical bases.[Methodology]In order to evaluate the criminological aspects of the phenomenon under study, theoretical guidelines, special literature, opinions of national and foreign specialists, research papers and periodicals are analyzed. The following scientific research methods have been used in the development of the study: content analysis, analytical, inductive and deductive approaches,as well as systematic analysis of documents, generalization and forecasting.[Findings]The authors conclude that the cyber culture and behaviour of the society need to be improved. This would reduce the potential harm of an individual’s interests and would raise an individual’s understanding of cyber hygiene. An important direction of victimological prevention of cybercrime is a set of systematic and targeted measures to inform people on behaviour of a potential criminal, identifying him/her and personal protective measures and methods to avoid becoming a victim of cyber violations.[Practical Implications]The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers engaged in the development of lectures, seminars, assignments for independent work
Criminological Problems of Sexual Violence. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2015) Kipāne, Aldona; Vilks, Andrejs
Doctoral thesis “Criminological Problem of Sexual Violence” is a complex theoretical and empirical work on the issue of sexual violence. Violence is a serious global individual security and health problem. Complexity of the approach and the principal of interrelation play any important role in the process of criminological research. The study of criminological problem of sexual violence is largely based different statistical data and research. The author looks at sexual violence as a legal and social phenomenon taking into account its criminological aspects – trends, causes and factor that encourage crime, analyze of a criminal personality, as we as analyses or victimology theory and the theoretical viewpoint and its system is closely related to other sciences. The basic aspects of work and the drawn conclusions further develop criminological theories, as well as extend a number of the concepts in criminology. The doctoral thesis contains summary of scientific literature in criminology, criminal law, psychology. As the result of the research work conclusion have been drawn and made several suggestions for improvement research in the field of sexual violence, as well as through the prism of criminological research found out the legal regulation aspect. The thesis consists of the introduction, six sections with chapters, conclusions and suggestions, bibliography and annexes.
Criminology as Trends in the Development of Science
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2021) Vilks, Andrejs; Kipāne, Aldona; Rīga Stradiņš University, Faculty of Law, Latvia
Criminology has a special place and is of special significance in law science. It does not always examine substantive or procedural rules and case law. The authors of the article emphasise criminology as a science of social law, the dominant object of cognition of which is socially significant phenomena (crime, drugs, corruption, prostitution, etc.), as well as the processes related to their combating and prevention. Crime is the product of various contradictions that evolve in society, a negatively directed function of society that reflects its resulting state of moral and social “health”. Dynamic social, economic, political, legal, administrative, organisational and other factors determine the constant cognition of socially undesirable and negative phenomena, improvement of research tools and approaches. Crime is transforming alongside social changes, in some cases even accelerating them. Despite the unjustified discounting of the significance of criminology as an independent science, it continues to develop. In the social science system criminology functions as a mission, creating an uncompromising attitude towards crime. Under the current circumstances and in line with the intense invasion of modern technologies crime is taking on new forms and shapes. It successfully moves to the virtual environment, increasing its latency level and significantly complicating the magnitude and negative effects of damage detection. A new modified field of cognition of crime and its related elements a arising – digital criminology. It could play an important role in the qualitative analysis and forecasting of crime, in identifying the determinants of crime, and in determining their impact on crime. Digital methods of examination of persons, including the use of positron emission tomography (PET) of brain scanning, would make it possible to identify persons with pronounced criminal inclinations. Digital technologies could be used in correctional institutions and establishments to help those who have served prison sentences related to deprivation of liberty, in their rehabilitation, as well as in the implementation of virtual deprivation of liberty and replacing of expensive and inefficient prisons with digital detention facilities.
Cybercrime and sexual exploitation of children in e-environment in the context of strengthening urban and rural security
(2019) Vilks, Andrejs; Berkis, U.; Vilka, L.; Juridiskā fakultāte
Among various types of threats to urban and rural security, there has been an increase in cybercrime in recent years, an increase in criminal offenses in the e-environment. This also applies to the sexual exploitation of children in the e-environment. Sexual violence against children in cyberspace is linked to objectively determined factors, such as the development of Internet technologies and their wide availability. The active efforts of children to learn and use the new technologies, the attractiveness of the virtual environment in contrast to the real situation and the ambiguous and in many cases incomprehensible nature, as well as the saturation of pornographic material in the Internet, the weak control of their distribution, should be noted. Due to the increasing availability of the Internet, the expansion of e-services in cities and rural areas is relatively balanced. An Internet user may be at risk in both big cities and in a less populated rural area. Among Internet users the proportion of young people and children is relatively high, which objectively determines their increased victimization potential. Among threats to children related to the e-environment, multiple forms of child sexual abuse, including cyberbullying, sextings, sextorings, cyberstalkings , are increasing.
Digital Forensics and Criminal Policy: Latvian–Ukrainian perspective
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2022) Zīle, Aelita; Vilks, Andrejs; Polianskyi, Anton; Rīga Stradiņš University, Latvia; National Scientific Centre “Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius, Forensic Science Institute”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Digital forensics and criminal policy are undergoing transformational processes related to technological development. In order to speed up the development of relevant knowledge and skills, a training process is intensively planned, which is characterised by a flexible approach to learning information. Learning digital forensics has certain challenges that both practising experts and future experts face. Therefore, in order to promote the development of this knowledge, it is important to offer international experience and knowledge transfer, including using open educational resources. The aforementioned would allow interested parties to gain in-depth knowledge in the field of digital forensics using the approach of different countries both in theory and in practice. The purpose of the article is to outline the role of digital forensics in modern life, as well as to emphasise its connection with the implementation of criminal policy. The article will examine the point of view of both Latvia and Ukraine on the development of digital forensics in interaction with the creation of forensics.
EVALUATION OF CORRUPTION PREVALENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATVIAN ECONOMY
(Rēzeknes Tehnoloģiju akadēmija, 2017) Vilks, Andrejs; Lubkina, Velta; Zvaigzne, Anda; Ušča, Svetlana; Rīga Stradiņš University
The paper analyses some trends in the development of the Latvian economy and the evaluation of the prevalence of corruption, based on the results of different international studies. The initial situation analysis in the field of the economy does not indicate any direct negative correlations as to the scope of economic and financial corruption. Major essential studies on corruption admit that corruption is related to an ineffective, non-transparent public administration system, it facilitates irrational use of public resources, increases the uncontrollable economic segment, decreases the population welfare level, undermines confidence in public institutions, etc. Prevention and combating of corruption, despite the strivings of law enforcement authorities, are considered to be insufficiently effective. In the studies practically no attention is paid to the possible positive elements of corruption, which are hard to be identified. In the paper the author also outlines unconventional aspects of corruption.
Forecasts of Long-term Progress in the Socio-cultural Sphere in the Context of Combating Economic Crime
(2023) Kipāne, Aldona; Vilks, Andrejs; Krivinch, Anatolijs; Juridiskā fakultāte
The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to revise the strategy of combating economic crime in Latvia in the context of sustainable development of the socio-cultural environment. The study is aimed at revealing specific aspects of crime in the Latvian economy, identifying its main causes and mechanisms of functioning. The article uses methods of statistical analysis, analogy and generalization, as well as formal legal and formal logical approaches. The study shows that the development of cultural space is a key aspect of the strategy for sustainable development of the socio-cultural environment in Latvia. It is concluded that the development of cultural space and the fight against economic crime in Latvia require an integrated approach, including the preservation and development of cultural values, sustainable attention to environmental aspects with the use of modern technologies to improve law enforcement
Forensic Aspects of the Study of Latent Papillae Pattern Prints on the Epidermis of a Deceased Person. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis
(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2024) Zīle, Aelita; Vilks, Andrejs
This Doctoral Thesis is a systematic study of the theoretical and practical aspects of possibility of visualisation of papillae pattern prints on the skin of a deceased person. The aim of the Thesis is to conduct a theoretical and practical study on the visualisation of latent papillae pattern prints on the epidermis of a deceased person, identifying potential forensic and technological challenges and issues and providing proposals for improvement of their solution. The study was based on a review of scientific literature and articles: in medicine – on the structure of human skin and the substance forming the latent papillae pattern prints; in forensic medicine – on the factors affecting the preservation of papillae pattern prints on the skin of a deceased person; in forensics – on the relief of latent papillae pattern prints and their genesis, preconditions for the preservation of papillae pattern prints, technological possibilities of their visualisation and analysing the course and results of experiments carried out abroad. In the framework of the study the author carried out an independent experiment exploring the genesis and reflection of latent papillae pattern prints on the skin of a deceased person, visualised and copied them using different visualisation agents and removal agents, studied and analysed the influence of gender, age, skin condition, duration of contact on the acquisition of traces suitable for identification of a person. The Thesis consists of introduction, four chapters divided into fourteen sub-chapters, conclusions, which present findings and proposals of the study, a list of literature used and annexes.
Heredity in the Criminalization Process of an Individual
(2019-05-14) Vilks, Andrejs; Juridiskā fakultāte
The article discusses the model of the individual’s criminalization process, considering the possible socially negative heredity at the genetic level, starting from the antenatal (pre-natal) development period to fixed criminal activities. The performed neurological studies using positron emission tomography in a criminological context confirm the correlation between the potential pathology of the brain of individuals and criminal behavior. Specialist studies may affect the legal framework of legal proceedings, the inclusion of crime subjects and the organization of individual preventive measures.

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