Browsing by Author "Telysheva, Galina"

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    Granulated Animal Feed and Fuel Based on Sea Buckthorn Agro-Waste Biomass for Sustainable Berry Production
    (2023-07) Andersone, Anna; Janceva, Sarmite; Lauberte, Liga; Zaharova, Natalija; Chervenkov, Mihail; Jurkjane, Vilhelmine; Jashina, Lilija; Rieksts, Gints; Telysheva, Galina; Laboratory of Finished Dosage Forms; Rīga Stradiņš University
    The industrial harvesting of sea buckthorn (SBT) berries with twigs and subsequent pruning creates a large volume of lignocellulosic agro-waste. This study aimed to valorize this agro-waste as a raw material for animal feed and fuel granules, for developing a sustainable cascading SBT production scheme. Five SBT cultivars’ biomasses were characterized by analytical pyrolysis, mass spectrometry, and GC analysis. Condensed tannins, which are undesirable components for animal feed, were separated by extraction. The residue was analyzed for total protein, vitamins (A, C, and E), ash, crude fat, wood fiber, and macroelements (P, K, Ca, and Na), and showed great potential. The heavy metal (Cd, Hg, and Pb) content did not exceed the permitted EU maximum. Granulation regimes were elaborated using a flat-die pelletizer, KAHL 14-175. The digestibility and the amount of produced gas emissions were determined using in vitro systems that recreate the digestion of small ruminants. The investigation proved that SBT leaves and stems are a unique underutilized source of animal feed, used alone or in combination with others. Twigs, due to their thorns, were granulated and valorized according to standards for application as fuel. The scheme offered in this study enables SBT agro-waste utilization and sustainable SBT berry production.
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    Lignocellulosic Waste Compounds for Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition : Preliminary Extraction by Freon, Obtaining of Proanthocyanidins and Testing on Lipase Activity
    (2023-08) Andersone, Anna; Janceva, Sarmite; Lauberte, Līga; Krasiļņikova, Jeļena; Zaharova, Natalija; Nikolajeva, Vizma; Rieksts, Gints; Telysheva, Galina; Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry
    The twigs of sea buckthorn, blackcurrant, gooseberries, quince, and grapes were evaluated as a promising source of biologically active compounds—proanthocyanidins (PACs). Sea buckthorn twigs had the highest content of PACs (9.2% on dry biomass). Preliminary pretreatment of biomass with freon R134a did not allow an increase in PACs content in the composition of hydrophilic extract but confirmed the value of freon extract as an antibacterial agent against P. aeruginosa and B. cereus. The content of PACs was used as an indicator for assessment of the influence of hydrophilic extracts on pancreatic lipase activity. Under normal physiological conditions, in the presence of bile, the extract, which contained 42.4% of PACs was more effective compared to the extract which contained 17.5% of PACs. At all concentrations (0.2–40 mg of sample/g of pancreatic lipase), it inhibited lipase activity by 33%. Purified PACs were the most effective in inhibiting lipase activity (by 36%). However, in pathological physiological conditions (without bile), the opposite effect on lipase activity was observed. Thus, PACs and extracts can be used as inhibitors of pancreatic lipase only under normal physiological conditions.
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    Oregonin from Alnus incana bark affects DNA methyltransferases expression and mitochondrial DNA copies in mouse embryonic fibroblasts
    (2018-01-01) Krasilnikova, Jelena; Lauberte, Liga; Stoyanova, Elena; Abadjieva, Desislava; Chervenkov, Mihail; Mori, Mattia; De Paolis, Elisa; Mladenova, Vanya; Telysheva, Galina; Botta, Bruno; Kistanova, Elena; Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry
    Oregonin is an open-chain diarylheptanoid isolated from Alnus incana bark that possesses remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, inhibits adipogenesis, and can be used in the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of oregonin on the epigenetic regulation in cells as well as its ability to modulate DNA methylating enzymes expression and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies. Our results show that oregonin altered the expression of DNA methyltransferases and mtDNA copy numbers in dependency on concentration and specificity of cells genotype. A close correlation between mtDNA copy numbers and mRNA expression of the mtDnmt1 and Dnmt3b was established. Moreover, molecular modeling suggested that oregonin fits the catalytic site of DNMT1 and partially overlaps with binding of the cofactor. These findings further extend the knowledge on oregonin, and elucidate for the first time its potential to affect the key players of the DNA methylation process, namely DNMTs transcripts and mtDNA.
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    Oregonin reduces lipid accumulation and proinflammatory responses in primary human macrophages
    (2015-03-13) Lundqvist, Annika; Magnusson, Lisa U.; Ullström, Christina; Krasilnikova, Jelena; Telysheva, Galina; Dizhbite, Tatjana; Hultén, Lillemor Mattsson; Rīga Stradiņš University
    Inflammation in the vascular wall is important for the development of atherosclerosis. We have previously shown that inflammatory macrophages are more abundant in human atherosclerotic lesions than in healthy arteries. Activated macrophages produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promote local inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions. Here, we investigated the role of oregonin, a diarylheptanoid, on proinflammatory responses in primary human macrophages and found that oregonin decreased cellular lipid accumulation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. We also found that oregonin decreased ROS production in macrophages. Additionally, we observed that treatment of lipopolysaccharide-exposed macrophages with oregonin significantly induced the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including Heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH dehydrogenase quinone 1. In summary, we have shown that oregonin reduces lipid accumulation, inflammation and ROS production in primary human macrophages, indicating that oregonin has anti-inflammatory bioactivities.
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    Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Waste Biomass after Harvesting as a Source of Valuable Biologically Active Compounds with Nutraceutical and Antibacterial Potential
    (2022-03-01) Janceva, Sarmite; Andersone, Anna; Lauberte, Liga; Bikovens, Oskars; Nikolajeva, Vizma; Jashina, Lilija; Zaharova, Natalija; Telysheva, Galina; Senkovs, Maris; Rieksts, Gints; Ramata-Stunda, Anna; Krasiļņikova, Jeļena; Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry
    For sustainable sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berry production, the task at hand is to find an application for the large amount of biomass waste arising at harvesting. Sea buckthorn (SBT) vegetation is currently poorly studied. The purpose of this research was to assess the composition and potential of SBT twigs as a source of valuable biologically active substances. Water and 50% EtOH extracts of twigs of three Latvian SBT cultivars with a high berry yield and quality, popular for cultivation in many countries (H. rhamnoides ‘Maria Bruvele', ‘Tatiana', ‘Botanicheskaya Lubitelskaya'), were investigated for the first time. The phytochemical composition (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis) and biological activity of the obtained hydrophilic extracts were determined. The highest yield of polyphenolic compounds and serotonin was observed for ‘Maria Bruvele'. Hydrophilic extracts were investigated for radical scavenging activity (DPPH' test), antibacterial/antifungal activity against five pathogenic bacteria/yeast, cytotoxicity, and the enzymatic activity of alpha-amylase (via in vitro testing), which is extremely important for the treatment of people with underweight, wasting, and malabsorption. The results showed a high potential of sea buckthorn biomass as a source of valuable biologically active compounds for the creation of preparations for the food industry, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics.