Browsing by Author "Saule, Laura"
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Item Can intratumoural vascularisation CT contrast dynamics help differentiate malignant renal tumour subtypes?(2023) Putrins, Davis Simanis; Radzina, Maija; Liepa, Māra; Maļika- Popova, Ņina; Saule, Laura; Ratniece, Madara; Vjaters, Egils; Jukonis, Jānis; Briede, Inese; Department of Radiology; Onkoloģijas institūts; Department of PathologyItem Deliverable 5.1 - Questionnaire on industrial and clinical key players and needs (v1.0).(2022-09-30) Radzina, Maija; Mamis, Edgars; Saule, Laura; Pajuste, Elīna; Kalniņa, Marika; Cocolios, Thomas; Talip, Zeynep; Stora, ThierryThis document is a summary of responses received from the public known European industrial manufacturing and research institution and clinical facility representatives. The responses were given to the PRISMAP Consortium questionnaire disseminated in January-August 2022, approaching radionuclides and radiopharmaceutical manufacturers, research institutions and clinical end users in nuclear medicine, with the aim to identify potential stakeholders in the industrial and clinical communities interested by a coordinated approach in Europe such as PRISMAP. The summary from PRISMAP questionnaire stratifies the feedback from 114 respondents: radionuclide and radiopharmaceutical producers, research facilities and preclinical/clinical end users. In addition, it gives an insight into the location and capabilities of the main isotope-producing cyclotron facilities, many of which are known from the IAEA cyclotron database [2]). The questionnaire was offered with an opportunity to make new research and international collaboration partners, where all parties could benefit from harmonised supply and legislation procedures, expanding network and distribution routes, and subsequently gain visibility within the PRISMAP User Forum map at www.prismap.eu. The questionnaire was focused on the radionuclide use in medicine with emphasis on future needs for specific radionuclides and possible research developments with awareness of legislation, logistics and involved personnel education challenges and future perspectives.Item Diagnostic scope of 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT : comparison with multiparametric MRI and bone scintigraphy for the assessment of early prostate cancer recurrence(2021-10-15) Saule, Laura; Radzina, Maija; Liepa, Māra; Roznere, Lilita; Kalnina, Marika; Lioznovs, Andrejs; Mamis, Edgars; Mikelsone, Madara; Biederer, Juergen; Vjaters, Egils; Department of Radiology; Rīga Stradiņš University; Statistics Unit; Onkoloģijas institūtsItem Novel radionuclides for use in Nuclear Medicine in Europe : where do we stand and where do we go?(2023-12) Radzina, Maija; Saule, Laura; Mamis, Edgars; Koester, Ulli; Cocolios, Thomas Elias; Pajuste, Elina; Kalnina, Marika; Palskis, Kristaps; Sawitzki, Zoe; Talip, Zeynep; Jensen, Mikael; Duchemin, Charlotte; Leufgen, Kirsten; Stora, Thierry; Rīga Stradiņš UniversityBACKGROUND: In order to support the ongoing research across Europe to facilitate access to novel radionuclides, the PRISMAP consortium (European medical radionuclides programme) was established to offer the broadest catalog of non-conventional radionuclides for medical and translational research. The aim of this article is to introduce readers with current status of novel radionuclides in Europe. MAIN BODY: A consortium questionnaire was disseminated through the PRISMAP consortium and user community, professional associations and preclinical/clinical end users in Europe and the current status of clinical end-users in nuclear medicine were identified. A total of 40 preclinical/clinical users institutions took part in the survey. Clinical end users currently use the following radionuclides in their studies: 177Lu, 68 Ga, 111In, 90Y, other alpha emitters, 225Ac, 64Cu and Terbium isotopes. Radionuclides that would be of interest for users within the next 2-5 years are 64Cu, Terbium radionuclide "family" and alpha emitters, such as 225Ac. CONCLUSIONS: Thanks to a questionnaire distributed by the PRISMAP consortium, the current status and needs of clinical end-users in nuclear medicine were identified.Item Performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in thyroid nodules : Review of current state and future perspectives(2021-10-30) Radzina, Maija; Ratniece, Madara; Putrins, Davis Simanis; Saule, Laura; Cantisani, Vito; Department of RadiologyUltrasound has been established as a baseline imaging technique for thyroid nodules. The main advantage of adding CEUS is the ability to assess the sequence and intensity of vascular perfusion and hemodynamics in the thyroid nodule, thus providing real-time characterization of nodule features, considered a valuable new approach in the determination of benign vs. malignant nod-ules. Original studies, reviews and six meta-analyses were included in this article. A total of 624 studies were retrieved, and 107 were included in the study. As recognized for thyroid nodule malignancy risk stratification by US, for acceptable accuracy in malignancy a combination of several CEUS parameters should be applied: hypo-enhancement, heterogeneous, peripheral irregular enhancement in combination with internal enhancement patterns, and slow wash-in and wash-out curve lower than in normal thyroid tissue. In contrast, homogeneous, intense enhancement with smooth rim enhancement and “fast-in and slow-out” are indicative of the benignity of the thyroid nodule. Even though overlapping features require standardization, with further research, CEUS may achieve reliable performance in detecting or excluding thyroid cancer. It can also play an op-erative role in guiding ablation procedures of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and metastatic lymph nodes, and providing accurate follow-up imaging to assess treatment efficacy.Item Recurrent Prostate Cancer Diagnostics with 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT: A Systematic Review of the Current State(2022-12-15) Saule, Laura; Radzina, Maija; Liepa, Mara; Roznere, Lilita; Lioznovs, Andrejs; Ratniece, Madara; Mamis, Edgars; Vjaters, Egils; Department of RadiologyBACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer is a cornerstone for further adequate therapy planning. Therefore, clinical practice and research still focuses on diagnostic tools that can detect prostate cancer in early recurrence when it is undetectable in conventional diagnostic imaging. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT is a novel method to evaluate patients with biochemical recurrent PCa. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in prostate cancer local recurrence, lymph node metastases and bone metastases detection. METHODS: Original studies, reviews and five meta-analyses were included in this article. A total of 70 studies were retrieved, 31 were included in the study. RESULTS: All patients described in the studies underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. The administered 18F-PSMA-1007 individual dose ranged from 159 ± 31 MBq to 363.93 ± 69.40 MBq. Results showed that 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT demonstrates a good detection rate in recurrent prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT appears to achieve reliable performance in detecting recurrent prostate cancer. The high detection rate of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in recurrent prostate cancer was confirmed, especially in local recurrence and small lymph nodes with non-specific characteristics on conventional diagnostic imaging methods. However, several authors emphasize some limitations for this tracer-for example, non-specific uptake in bone lesions that can mimic bone metastases.Item Role of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Ratio as Prognostic Factors for Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness(2024-11) Buss, Arvids; Radziņa, Maija; Liepa, Māra; Birkenfelds, Edgars; Saule, Laura; Miculis, Karlis; Miķelsone, Madara; Vjaters, Egils; Department of Radiology; Statistics UnitBackground: Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the male population. To determine the aggressiveness of suspected lesions precisely, predictive models are increasingly being developed using quantitative MRI measurements, and particularly the ADC value. This study aimed to determine whether ADC values could be used to establish the aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Methods: A retrospective single-center study included 398 patients with prostate cancer who underwent a multiparametric MRI prior to radical prostatectomy. DWI ADC values were measured (µm 2/s) using b values of 50 and 1000. The dominant lesion best visualized on MRI was analyzed. The ADC values of the index lesion and reference tissue were compared to tumor aggressivity according to the Gleason grade groups based on radical prostatectomy results. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Spearman’s rank correlation, and ROC curves. Results: A very strong negative correlation (rs = −0.846, p < 0.001) between ADC and GS was found. ROC analysis revealed an AUC of 0.958 and an ADC threshold value of 758 µm 2/s in clinically significant prostate cancer diagnoses using the absolute ADC value, with no advantage of using the ADC ratio over the absolute ADC value being identified. Conclusion: DWI ADC values and the calculated ADC ratio have a significant inverse correlation with GS. The findings indicate a strong capability in determining prostate cancer aggressiveness, as well as the possibility of assisting with assigning PI-RADS categories using ADC as quantitative metrics.Item What Is the Added Value of Carotid CEUS in the Characterization of Atherosclerotic Plaque ?(2024-03) Lioznovs, Andrejs; Radzina, Maija; Saule, Laura; Grinbergs, Peteris Einars; Lācis, Aigars; Department of RadiologyBackground and Objectives: Unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries is one of the main risk factors for cerebral ischemia. Duplex ultrasound is a frequently used diagnostic method, but it has some limitations for microvascularization and neovascularization evaluation. The aim of this review was to evaluate the role of the new multiparametric US method—contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)—in atherosclerotic plaque instability verification. Materials and Methods: Original studies, reviews, and meta-analyses were included in this article. A total of 53 studies were retrieved; 29 were included in this study. Results: Carotid artery CEUS as a part of the multiparametric ultrasound method shows promising results and provides additional characteristics of soft- and high-risk atherosclerotic plaques; it can be advised in clinical practice for patients with carotid artery soft- and high-risk plaques. However, there are some limitations, such as extensive calcinosis with important acoustic shadows in carotid atherosclerotic plaque neovascularization diagnostics by CEUS. The added value of CEUS in the characterization of atherosclerotic plaque is that it indicates regions with high neovascularization and visualizes ulcerations on plaque surfaces, suggestive of increased instability risk.