Browsing by Author "Sīlis, Vents"
Now showing 1 - 12 of 12
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item Arhetipi un mūsdienu cilvēks(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2024) Sīlis, VentsIn his article “The Modern Human Being and the Archetypes”, Vents Sīlis discusses the question of human nature in relation to the concept of the archetype, which occupies a central place in the analytical psychology of Carl Gustav Jung. Jung’s answer to the question “What is man?” includes an explanation of the intrapsychic structure, relationships between people at the private and social levels, and the path of personal self-development, i.e., the process of individuation. The human psyche is seen by Jung as a complex system charged with libidinal energy, where there is a constant interaction between different pairs of opposing elements: conscious and unconscious, rational and irrational, masculine and feminine, etc. Nevertheless, according to the principle of equivalence introduced by Jung, the libido that has been taken away from one aspect of personality usually reappears somewhere else. The principle of enantiodromia, on the other hand, means that any one of the elements will in time turn into its opposite, e.g., passionate love may eventually turn into deep hatred. The principle of opposites is found in all elements of Jung’s theory. Jung’s anthropology is based on a fundamental distinction between two main levels of the psyche: the conscious and the unconscious, each of which divides into two further levels, the personal and the collective. The life of the psyche is one of equilibrium, i.e., the relationship between the conscious and the unconscious can be described as mutually compensatory: if a conscious idea or tendency becomes too dominant, the unconscious tends to compensate with an unconscious tendency. Thus, the unconscious compensates for the one-sidedness of the conscious by emphasising those aspects of the whole psyche that the conscious has neglected – in essence it is a mechanism similar to homeostasis. Jung’s theory of archetypes is critically examined. The author asks whether the notion of innate, universal structures of the psyche are still valid. Jung himself speaks of archetypes as empirical (experientially verified) facts, but this understanding fails the current understanding of scientific psychology. Vents Sīlis points out that one might reasonably doubt whether archetypes, as forms of perception and organisation of empirical experience, are really independent of physical and social environment. The findings of modern cognitive science are applicable to Jung’s theory of archetypes through the concept of emergence: archetypes are fundamental patterns, initially unfilled with content, which are revealed in interaction with empirical experience, which fills them with actual content. Since the Self is the fullest expression of individuality, the psyche’s movement towards its Self as the archetype of inner core and orderliness is the ultimate goal of psychological development. Countless studies by modern anthropologists show that even in the most basic human traits and behaviours (e.g., child-rearing) there are not only similarities but also radical differences between different cultures, so it is not possible to speak only of universal traits. This argument must certainly be considered, emphasises Sīlis, when modernising Jung’s theory.Item Cilvēka dabiskais stāvoklis Hobsa, Loka un Ruso skatījumā(Riga Stradins University, 2024) Graudiņa, Elīna; Sīlis, Vents; Sīle, Vija; Faculty of Social SciencesElīna Graudiņa in her article “The Natural State of Human According to Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau” examines the views and visions of Enlightenment thinkers on the position of an individual and society in relation to the State, society and each other. Hobbes describes the natural human condition as a selfish desire for self-preservation, characterised by a spirit of competition, distrust and fear. It is the development of “natural law” according to which a man is free to do whatever they like, and “the state of war of all against all” begins. In his natural state, man has both external freedom of action and internal freedom of will, and therefore a natural right to everything. A state where duties and rights are based on contract is a system in which the individual’s selfishness is overridden by his duty to himself, to his neighbour and to the state at large. John Locke argues that there is no innate knowledge in the individual and that man is born as a “blank slate”. He believed that an individual’s personality, knowledge and character are formed as a result of the influences of the world around him. All human beings are free, equal and independent by nature. Thomas Hobbes’s social contract theory was further developed and simultaneously criticized by Jean Jacque Rousseau. He describes transition from the state of nature to the state of citizenship. This transition brings about a remarkable change in man, replacing instinct with justice in their behaviour, giving their actions a moral meaning. What man loses with the social contract is their natural freedom, limited only by the forces of an individual. It must be distinguished from civil liberty, which is limited by the general will and property. Rousseau defends the thesis that man is good by nature and only society corrupts them morally. The philosopher cites a faulty education as one of the reasons for this, and therefore calls for an immediate reform of pedagogy, replacing traditional methods of education with “natural education”. The reform in question is based on precise knowledge of the nature of the child. Several centuries have passed since Hobbes’s conclusions on the selfishness of human nature, but this does not change the fact that the “natural state” of man has not really changed, emphasises Elīna Graudiņa.Item Drosme(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2015) Sīlis, VentsItem Filosofiskā antropoloģija I: Rakstu krājums. Sākuma papildinformācija(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2015) Sīlis, Vents; Rīgas Stradiņa universitāteItem Filosofiskā antropoloģija II: Rakstu krājums. Sākuma papildinformācija(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2018) Sīlis, Vents; Neiders, IvarsItem Health behavior and quality of life of Latvian population. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2011) Sīlis, Vents; Rungule, RitmaItem Latvijas iedzīvotāju veselības uzvedība un dzīves kvalitāte. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Sīlis, Vents; Rungule, RitmaItem Latvijas iedzīvotāju veselības uzvedība un dzīves kvalitāte. Promocijas darbs(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Sīlis, Vents; Rungule, RitmaItem Nāve(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2015) Sīlis, VentsItem Philosophical Anthropology III: Summary. Beigu papildinformācija(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2024) Sīlis, Vents; Sīle, Vija; Rīga Stradiņš UniversityItem Professional Ethics for Fitness Trainers(2023-06) Sīle, Vija; Satika, Mairita; Sīlis, Vents; Rīga Stradiņš UniversityThis article is only the first step in exploring the professional ethics of fitness trainers in Latvia. Marking the discourse, looking at the theoretical frameworks and concepts, and identifying the situation are its basic elements. The next stage will be the analysis of information about the experience in other countries and primarily the Baltic countries, their comparison, discussion, conclusions, and suggestions for a more successful practice of professional ethics. Professional ethics for fitness trainers constitute a part of their professional competence, which shapes, determines and evaluates their professional activities from the perspective of ethical attitudes. The profession of a fitness trainer reflects health as a fundamental value, which sets the meaning of their professional activity as one that promotes and maintains health. This article examines the basic elements of professional ethics of fitness trainers. Their presentation in a single and logically structured form is an innovation in the literature on fitness trainers. Providing this type of information to future fitness trainers in Latvia is not only a necessary but also an urgent task. The article discusses in detail the concept of health lifestyle, the basic behavioral health lifestyles that are characteristic of the Latvian population. Fitness trainers need this background information to better fulfil their function as educators. The aim of the study is to examine the current situation regarding codes of professional ethics and literature on professional ethics for fitness trainers and based on the literature analysis, to identify the main elements of professional ethics: levels of moral regulation, basic principles of ethics, codes, the issue of responsibility, tolerance and autonomy, trainer-client relationships, as well as the trainer’s relationship with other professionals. The article also examines the types of normative ethics (deontological, utilitarian, virtue ethics) required for ethical decision-making.Item Seksualitāte(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2018) Sīlis, VentsIn the paper “Sexuality”, Vents Sīlis compares two different approaches to the phenomenon of sexuality – essentialism and constructionism.