Browsing by Author "Krivicka, Benita"

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    Expression of growth factors and growth factor receptors in human cleft-affected tissue
    (2013) Krivicka, Benita; Pilmane, Mara; Akota, Ilze; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine
    OBJECTIVE. To investigate cleft disordered tissue in children with cleft palate and cleft lip with or without alveolar clefting for detection of local tissue growth factors and growth factor receptors and compare findings. Design. Morphological analysis of human tissue. Patients. Three groups were studied: 14 patients with cleft palate at the age from eight months to 18 years and two months, 12 patients with cleft lip with or without alveolar clefting in the age from four months to 15 years and four months and 11 control patients. RESULTS. In general, cleft palate disordered tissue showed more prominent expression of BMP2/4 (z=3.574; p=0.0004) and TGFβ (z=2.127; p=0.033), while expression of TGFBR3 significantly higher was only in connective tissue (z=3.822; p=0.0001). Cleft lip affected tissue showed significantly pronounced expression of FGFR1 in general as well as separately in epithelium. CONCLUSIONS. The marked and statistically significant expression of BMP 2/4 in cleft palate disordered soft tissue probably is delayed, but still proliferation and differentiation as well as tissue, especially, bone remodeling contributing signal. Cleft palate affected tissue show more prominent expression of TGFβ, still the weak regional expression of TGFβ type III receptors prove the disordered tissue growth and changed TGFβ signalling pathway in postnatal pathogenesis. In general, expression of TGFβ, BMP 2/4 and FGFR1 is significantly different, giving evidence to the involvement of these mentioned factors in the cleft severity morphopathogenesis.
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    Expression of TGFβ-3, PAX9, RYK, matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in human cleft-affected tissue
    (2015-07-07) Krivicka, Benita; Pilmane, Māra; Akota, Ilze; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology; Department of Morphology; Rīga Stradiņš University
    Formation of mammalian lip and palate involves multiple developmental steps that finally lead to the fusion of the two bilateral palatal shelves along the facial midline. Recent studies confirm that on the basis successful orofacial formation is coordinated interactions of several factors including genes, growth factors, enzymes and their natural inhibitors. The aim of our study was to investigate cleft disordered tissue in children with cleft lip and palate for detection of local expression of key regulators of palatogenesis. The study involved 10 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at the age of three months to four years and eight months. Tissue samples were collected during the surgical procedure from the borders of the cleft region. Material was proceed for detection of PAX9, RYK, TGFβ-3, MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 with biotin-streptavidin immunohistochemistry. Distribution of immunoreactive structures was detected semiquantitatively. Expression of PAX9 and RYK was more pronounced in cleft lip and palate disordered epithelium. The relative number of PAX9 positive epitheliocytes was very variable, while RYK mainly stained few cells localized into middle layers. Expression of TGFβ-3 was detected in the tissue of all patients. We saw numerous positive epitheliocytes in eight cases, but underlying connective tissue mainly demonstrated few or moderate number immunoreactive cells. Expression of MMP-8 was found only in epithelium of eight patients and it was slight, while MMP-9 and TIMP-2 marked variable number of positive epithelial and connective tissue cells. Conclusions. Expression of Pax-9 is more characteristic for cleft lip and palate affected tissue and probably facilitates tissue reconstruction due to its mitogenic effect. Rich expression of TGFβ-3 in cleft lip and palate disordered tissue may play a role in successful tissue remodelling and scar-free healing. Cleft lip and palate disordered tissue are characterizied by more pronounced expression of MMP-9, it slightly predominate expression of TIMP-2, giving evidence to the involvement of mentioned factors in the postnatal tissue remodeling.