Browsing by Author "Hasnere, Sigita"

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    Dermoscopic Findings in Cases of Cutaneous Metastases
    (2022-02-08) Raika, Alise Emma; Sidhoma, Elga; Hasnere, Sigita; Department of Dermatology and Venereology
    Background: Cutaneous metastases are cancerous cells in the dermis and hypodermis and can develop from every type of malignancy. The involvement of the skin in the metastatic process is considered to be quite rare and carries a poor prognosis, but it is of great importance in the management, treatment and self-esteem of the patient. Objective: The objective of this paper is to collect research data on clinical signs of cutaneous metastases and the use of dermoscopy in their diagnostic process. Results: Cutaneous metastases present with different clinical variants and dermoscopic findings, the most common being non-painful skin-colored nodules with various vascular structures seen in dermoscopy. There are not many reports on the dermoscopic findings of cutaneous metastases. Conclusion: Cutaneous metastases remain a rare diagnosis but are of great clinical importance. As the use of dermoscopy rises yearly, a better understanding of the dermoscopic features in cutaneous metastases should be obtained and reported.
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    Mandibular chondroblastic type osteosarcoma primarily diagnosed as chondrosarcoma as a result of radiation therapy : a case report
    (2025-03) Rone, Alise Elizabete; Bāgante, Ieva; Vasilcenko, Irina; Zariņš, Jānis; Deksnis, Renārs; Hasnere, Sigita; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine
    Radiation therapy is a recognized etiological factor for osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis and multiple sarcomas such as chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. Here we present a case of mandibular chondroblastic type osteosarcoma induced by radiotherapy which was primarily misdiagnosed as chondrosarcoma. A female presented with main complaint of pain at the extraction site following multiple teeth extraction and sequestrectomy on the right lower jaw. Medical history revealed stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue which was treated by surgical excision, chemotherapy and radiotherapy ten years ago. Four recurring sequestrectomies were performed, but only histological material from the fourth sequestrectomy revealed grade 2 chondrosarcoma. This was followed by resection of the tumour and floor of the mouth, mandibular, lip and facial skin reconstruction and operation material through histology was again confirmed to be grade 2 chondrosarcomas. In a year’s time, pathological nodule in thyroid gland was found on CT, surgery was performed. Operation material now revealed high grade chondroblastic type osteosarcoma and additional radiotherapy and chemotherapy was prescribed. This case illustrated chondrosarcoma and chondroblastic type osteosarcoma as a rare malignant incidence, with diagnostical difficulties and treatment. Differential diagnosis should be considered if no positive changes are observed after the designated therapy as well as importance of immunohistological evaluation. One treated malignancy does not exclude development of another unrelated malignancy.
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    Optic nerve glioblastoma with optic chiasm involvement : A case report and a brief literature review
    (2024-10-14) Brokāns, Artis; Dolgopolova, Julija; Saulitis, Agnis; Spulle, Uldis; Rancans, Kristaps; Meiers, Dairis; Hasnere, Sigita; Balodis, Arturs; Department of Radiology
    Abstract: Background: optic nerve glioblastoma is an uncommon pathology. The optic chiasm, optic tract, or optic nerves are possible places from which the tumor can originate. Most of the neuroimag- ing findings are nonspecific. To confirm the diagnosis, a biopsy is required. A delay to the treatment plan for optic nerve glioblastoma results in poor patient survival rates. Case report: a 68-year-old woman with an uncomplicated medical history presented with exophthalmos, deteriorating eyesight, and partial loss of vision. Using radiological data together with postoperative histopathological and histochemical analysis, optic nerve glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, with optic chiasm involvement was diagnosed. Conclusion: optic nerve glioblastoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that affects the optic nerve, leading to significant vision impairment and potentially life-threatening complications. Treatment options are restricted and difficult because of the location and nature of the condition; surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are frequently needed as part of a multidisciplinary approach
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    Rare Case of Hodgkin Lymphoma Transformation into Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with Atypical Spread Epidurally, Intradurally and Intramedullary : A Case Report
    (2022-02-25) Balodis, Arturs; Pimenova, Anna; Nikulshin, Sergey; Balode, Ginta; Hasnere, Sigita; Department of Radiology; Department of Infectology
    BACKGROUND Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is uncommon, and scant information has been published on transformed high-grade lymphomas. Therefore, it is important to present and discuss cases of lymphoma transformation to make new information on disease progression, diagnosis, and treatment more readily available. In this paper, we present a case of HL transformation into DLBCL with atypical dissemination. CASE REPORT A 39-year-old woman presented with severe hip pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed, which showed massive pathological retroperitoneal and pelvic lymphadenopathy. The lymph nodes were biopsied and revealed HL. The patient then underwent 7 cycles of ABVD therapy; however, clinical concern was raised for persistent disease due to the poor response to therapy. A vertebral body biopsy was performed to clarify the diagnosis, and histological analysis revealed DLBCL. Therefore, specific chemotherapy with the R-CHOP scheme was begun; the patient received 8 cycles of rituximab and residual lymphoma tissue irradiation. Two months later, magnetic resonance imaging later demonstrated radiological disease progression with multiple widespread metastases in the spinal vertebrae as well as prevertebral, epidural, intradural, and intramedullary metastatic spread. The patient underwent intrathecal chemotherapy and radiation therapy, after which, full metabolic remission was observed on PET/CT. CONCLUSIONS Vigilance should be maintained for patients with poor response to HL treatment owing to the possible transformation into DLBCL. However, even in such cases, full metabolic remission can be achieved with appropriate treatment.