Browsing by Author "Dabuzinskiene, Anita"

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    Analysing Clinical and Demographic Data from a Study on Oral Lichen Planus Patients
    (2024-08-01) Kakar, Jagriti; Sokolovska, Lība; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Murovska, Modra; Čēma, Ingrīda; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine; Institute of Microbiology and Virology
    Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common mucocutaneous disorder affecting approximately 1–2% of the population, predominantly middle-aged women. This study aims to analyse the demographic and clinical characteristics of OLP patients treated at the Oral Medicine Centre of Institute of Stomatology, Rīga Stradiņš University. The cohort comprised adult patients diagnosed with OLP, who underwent structured clinical evaluations. The study identified significant patterns in age, gender distribution, clinical forms, and associated discomfort levels. Females constituted 75.76% of the cohort, with a mean age of 60 years. The reticular form of OLP was most prevalent, while the erosive form, associated with considerable discomfort, was more common in females. Treatment regimens varied, with Sol Kenalog 0.2% and Ointment Clobetasol 0.05% being the primary therapies. Sol Kenalog 0.2% was more effective in providing symptom relief and reducing relapse frequency. Chronic diseases and stress were prevalent among patients, complicating management and treatment outcomes. The study emphasises the need for personalised treatment strategies that consider the severity of the clinical form, patient comfort, and comorbid conditions. Further research is recommended to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms of gender differences and the impact of comorbidities on OLP. The insights from this study aim to enhance clinical practices and improve patient outcomes.
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    Expression and localisation of cd44 antigen as a prognostic factor of oral leukoplakia
    (2021-04-01) Dzudzilo, Madara; Kleina, Regīna; Čēma, Ingrīda; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Svirskis, Šimons; Department of Doctoral Studies; Department of Pathology; Rīga Stradiņš University; Institute of Microbiology and Virology
    It is essential to identify markers that could indicate the presence of early molecular changes in premalignant tissues like oral leukoplakia (OL). CD44 adhesion molecule is not only a stem cell marker, but also determines cell proliferation and migration in malignant processes. The aim of our study was to assess the amount and pattern of CD44 antigen expression by epithelial and mononuclear cells in the lamina propria under OL and their role in premalignant lesions. The current study included 102 cases of OL and ten biopsies from healthy oral mucosa. Immunohistochemical CD44 antigen expression was determined in 34 cases by a standard EnVision imaging system in three points of OL: both edges and centre. Statistical analysis was done using GraphPad Prism software version 8.4.0. In OL, statistically significant overexpression of membranous CD44 was demonstrated compared to healthy mucosa (p < 0.0001). The intra-cytoplasmatic CD44 expression of epithelium together with characteristic nuclear changes may be used as a predictive factor for potential malignant transformation of non-homogenous leukoplakia. CD44 expression in mononuclear cells under the basal membrane in OL (p < 0.05) possibly influences the process of premalignant lesion transformation into intraepithelial cancer. Further study of CD44 antigen expression in intra-cytoplasmatic structures is required for better explanation of the role of this glycoprotein.
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    Expression of progesterone receptors in bovine corpus luteum during pregnancy
    (2004) Tamane, Regina; Pilmane, Mara; Jemeļjanovs, Aleksandrs; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
    The expression of progesterone receptors and matrix ribonucleic acid in 37 corpora lutea in 1-7 month's pregnant cows was investigated. Corpora lutea were obtained from slaughtered animals. Progesterone receptors expression was confirmed using biotin-streptavidin immunohistochemistry. Matrix ribonucleic acid expression was studied using pyronin staining by Unna-Brashe method. The expression of progesterone receptors was the highest in the luteal cells of the one-month pregnancy corpus luteum. It decreased significantly (p<0.05) from the third to the fourth month of pregnancy, but there was no significant difference in the expression of progesterone receptors from the first to the second and from the second to the third month of pregnancy. Also, there was no significant difference in the expression of progesterone receptors from the fourth to the fifth month and from the fifth to the sixth month of pregnancy. The expression of matrix ribonucleic acid also decreased during pregnancy, but gradually, with no significant monthly differences. It decreased significantly (p<0.05) from the sixth to the seventh month of pregnancy only. Our study shows that both indices - progesterone receptors and matrix ribonucleic acid decrease in the steroidogenic luteal cells during pregnancy and that a strong linear correlation (r=0.88) exists between these indices.
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    FATAL PERITONITIS — CAUSES, CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES : AN AUTOPSY CASES STUDY
    (2022-12-10) Lindholm, Marie; Franckeviča, Ivanda; Derovs, Aleksejs; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Kleina, Regīna; Department of Pathology; Department of Infectology
    Delayed diagnosis of stomach, intestines, pancreas, and gallbladder diseases plays a significant role in the complicated non-traumatic peritonitis. The aim of the study was to analyse the causes of fatal peritonitis, and contributing factors to mortality and diagnostic discrepancies. A retrospective study of 52 peritonitis cases from selected 1350 autopsy records in three years was done. We analysed age, sex, length of hospital stays, clinical and pathological diagnosis, complications, comorbidities, laboratory values and diagnostic discrepancies. The results were statistically assessed by Excel and IBM SPSS® Statistics version 26. The most common causes of fatal peritonitis were non-oncological gastrointestinal pathologies (26%), malignancies (23%), pancreas and gallbladder (16%), HIV related (10%), vascular (7%) and other diseases (18%). Mean age of patients at death was 65 years. 61.4% were males. Median hospitalisation time was two days. Six patients died outside the hospital. In 17.4% cases misdiagnoses were found. Common situations when misdiagnoses had occurred were intestinal ischaemia, malignancies of various origins and perforation of peptic ulcer. Fatal peritonitis was determined by the patient’s delayed hospitalisation with untreated oncological and non-oncological diseases of organs of the abdominal cavity and multiple concomitant diseases. Other contributing factors included not visiting general practitioners and lack of adherence to patients themselves
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    Multiform spectrum of pulmonary disease in lethal HIV infection cases in Latvia (2012–2016)
    (2017) Kleina, Regīna; Fjodorova, Olga; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Nazarovs, Jurijs; Mahmajeva, Oksana; Department of Pathology
    In 2016, the proportion of HIV-infected persons in the Baltic countries was as follows: Latvia 18.5, Estonia 17.4, Lithuania 7.4 per 100,000 of population. The aim of our study was to evaluate the spectrum and morphology of combined lung pathologies in fatal HIV/AIDS cases in Latvia from 2010 to 2016. We did a retrospective review of the HIV/AIDS patients' medical autopsy case files and histological slides at the Pathology Centre of Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital. All statistical data were processed in IBM SPSS Statistics 23. We analysed 455 cases - 311 (69%) men, 134 (31%) women. The mean age of the analysed patients was 40 years (+/- 9 SD, range 22-68). The conditions leading to death were opportunistic infections (OI) 28%, tuberculosis (TB) - 23%, wasting syndrome complicated by nonspecific pneumonia and sepsis or HIV/AIDS unrelated conditions - 27%, malignancies - 11% (B large cell lymphoma, primary and secondary cancers of the lung, Kaposi sarcoma), and end stage liver disease - 11%. Lungs were affected in 380 cases (83.5%). We identified 112 cases of tuberculosis (TB). In 21%, it was isolated pulmonary TB, in 79% - disseminated TB. Additionally, OI were proved in 26% of these patients. The prevalence of OI was higher in patients who died from isolated pulmonary TB. We also identified 10 cases of disseminated atypical mycobacteriosis. Opportunistic infections were diagnosed in 126 persons - 77% (n=97) of them had one, but 23% (n=29) had two or more OIs. The most common isolated OI with lung involvement was Pneumocystis jiroveci (PC) pneumonia (n=71, 15.6%); 10% had cryptococcosis, 1% - pulmonary aspergillosis and Candida pneumonia each. 40 patients (9%) had disseminated cytomegalovirus (CMV). Among the various combinations of opportunistic infections, the most common was PC+CMV. 81% of HIV patients were unemployed and prisoners with interrupted treatment. We concluded that our study revealed that combined opportunistic infections and TB were the most frequently observed pulmonary infections, followed by primary and secondary lung malignancies and bacterial pneumonia in HIV/AIDS unrelated cases of multiorgan disease. Diagnostic difficulties occurred mainly in disseminated diseases due to nonspecific clinical presentation, similar appearance on imaging studies and limited bacterial diagnostic possibilities after death.
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    Structural changes of the human superior cervical ganglion following ischemic stroke
    (2007) Liutkiene, Gineta; Stropus, Rimvydas; Dabuzinskiene, Anita; Pilmane, Mara; Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
    OBJECTIVE: The sympathetic nervous system participates in the modulation of cerebrovascular autoregulation. The most important source of sympathetic innervation of the cerebral arteries is the superior cervical ganglion. The aim of this study was to investigate signs of the neurodegenerative alteration in the sympathetic ganglia including the evaluation of apoptosis of neuronal and satellite cells in the human superior cervical ganglion after ischemic stroke, because so far alterations in human sympathetic ganglia related to the injury to peripheral tissue have not been enough analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated human superior cervical ganglia from eight patients who died of ischemic stroke and from seven control subjects. Neurohistological examination of sympathetic ganglia was performed on 5 microm paraffin sections stained with cresyl violet. TUNEL method was applied to assess apoptotic cells of sympathetic ganglia. RESULTS: The present investigation showed that: (1) signs of neurodegenerative alteration (darkly stained and deformed neurons with vacuoles, lymphocytic infiltrates, gliocyte proliferation) were markedly expressed in the ganglia of stroke patients; (2) apoptotic neuronal and glial cell death was observed in the human superior cervical ganglia of the control and stroke groups; (3) heterogenic distribution of apoptotic neurons and glial cells as well as individual variations in both groups were identified; (4) higher apoptotic index of sympathetic neurons (89%) in the stroke group than in the control group was found. CONCLUSIONS: We associated these findings with retrograde reaction of the neuronal cell body to axonal damage, which occurs in the ischemic focus of blood vessels innervated by superior cervical ganglion.