Browsing by Author "Balode, Arta"
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Item Dissemination of a carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strain belonging to international clone II/sequence type 2 and harboring a novel abar4-like resistance Island in Latvia(2013-02) Saule, Mara; Samuelsen, Orjan; Dumpis, Uga; Sundsfjord, Arnfinn; Karlsone, Aija; Balode, Arta; Miklasevics, Edvins; Karah, Nabil; Rīga Stradiņš UniversityAn outbreak of hospital-acquired Acinetobacter baumannii infections, caused by a blaOXA-23-positive carbapenem-resistant strain belonging to international clone II/ST2, was detected in Latvia. The strain was partially equipped with the armA gene and the intI1-aacA4-catB8-aadA1-qacE=1 class 1 integron. In addition, the strain carried AbaR25, a novel AbaR4-like resistance island of̃46,500 bp containing structures similar to the previously described AbaR22 and Tn6167 islands. AbaR25 was characterized by the occurrence of a second copy of Tn6022a interrupted by Tn2006 carrying the blaOXA-23 gene.Item Geographic distribution of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infections in Europe : A molecular-epidemiological analysis(2010-01) European Staphylococcal Reference Laboratory Working Group; Miklasevics, Edvins; Balode, Arta; Onkoloģijas institūtsBackground: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most important human pathogens and methicillin-resistant variants (MRSAs) are a major cause of hospital and community-acquired infection. We aimed to map the geographic distribution of the dominant clones that cause invasive infections in Europe. Methods and Findings: In each country, staphylococcal reference laboratories secured the participation of a sufficient number of hospital laboratories to achieve national geo-demographic representation. Participating laboratories collected successive methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and MRSA isolates from patients with invasive S. aureus infection using an agreed protocol. All isolates were sent to the respective national reference laboratories and characterised by quality-controlled sequence typing of the variable region of the staphylococcal spa gene (spa typing), and data were uploaded to a central database. Relevant genetic and phenotypic information was assembled for interactive interrogation by a purpose-built Web-based mapping application. Between September 2006 and February 2007, 357 laboratories serving 450 hospitals in 26 countries collected 2,890 MSSA and MRSA isolates from patients with invasive S. aureus infection. A wide geographical distribution of spa types was found with some prevalent in all European countries. MSSA were more diverse than MRSA. Genetic diversity of MRSA differed considerably between countries with dominant MRSA spa types forming distinctive geographical clusters. We provide evidence that a network approach consisting of decentralised typing and visualisation of aggregated data using an interactive mapping tool can provide important information on the dynamics of MRSA populations such as early signalling of emerging strains, cross border spread, and importation by travel. Conclusions: In contrast to MSSA, MRSA spa types have a predominantly regional distribution in Europe. This finding is indicative of the selection and spread of a limited number of clones within health care networks, suggesting that control efforts aimed at interrupting the spread within and between health care institutions may not only be feasible but ultimately successful and should therefore be strongly encouraged.Item Meticilīnrezistentā Staphylococcus aureus molekulāri bioloģiskās īpatnības daudzprofilu stacionārā ārstētiem pacientiem Latvijā. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Balode, Arta; Gardovska, Dace; Miklaševičs, EdvīnsItem Meticilīnrezistentā Staphylococcus aureus molekulāri bioloģiskās īpatnības daudzprofilu stacionārā ārstētiem pacientiem Latvijā. Promocijas darbs(Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, 2011) Balode, Arta; Gardovska, Dace; Miklaševičs, EdvīnsItem Molecular Biological Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus for Patients Treated at a Multi-Profile Hospital in Latvia. Summary of the Doctoral Thesis(Rīga Stradiņš University, 2011) Balode, Arta; Gardovska, Dace; Miklaševičs, Edvīns