Browsing by Author "Ābola, Iveta"

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    The Impact of IL1B rs1143634 and DEFB1 rs11362 Variants on Periodontitis Risk in Phenylketonuria and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Latvian Population
    (2024) Emulina, Darta Elizabete; Ābola, Iveta; Brinkmane, Anda; Isakovs, Aleksejs; Skadiņš, Ingus; Moisejevs, Georgijs; Gailīte, Linda; Auzenbaha, Madara; Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Department of Biology and Microbiology
    Objectives: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease that affects approximately 11% of the global population. The objective of this study was to examine whether, among individuals with phenylketonuria and type 1 diabetes mellitus, those with the IL1B rs1143634 and/or DEFB1 rs11362 genetic variants exhibit a higher periodontitis risk compared to healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In all, 43 phenylketonuria patients (aged 12–53), 28 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (aged 11–40), and 63 healthy controls (aged 12–53) were included. The evaluation of periodontitis risk was conducted using the Silness–Löe plaque index, the Greene–Vermillion index, and an assessment for the necessity of calculus removal. Genetic variants rs1143634 and rs11362 were genotyped from salivary samples using restriction length polymorphism analysis. Results: The DEFB1 rs11362 variant was associated with higher Silness–Löe and Greene–Vermillion index scores in phenylketonuria patients (p = 0.011 and p = 0.043, respectively). The IL1B rs1143634 variant was associated with lower calculus removal necessity in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients (p = 0.030). Clinical examination showed the worst oral hygiene index scores for PKU patients. PKU patients also reported the least consistent tooth brushing and flossing habits. Conclusions: Genetic associations between DEFB1 rs11362 and IL1B rs1143634 variants and oral hygiene indices were observed in the PKU and T1DM groups, suggesting that genetic factors may contribute to periodontal health differences in these populations. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these findings and develop targeted oral health interventions.
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    Oral health care knowledge among Phenylketonuria patients in the Latvian population
    (2024-12) Ābola, Iveta; Intlere, Nikola Anna; Brinkmane, Anda; Laktina, Sabine; Zariņa, Agnese; Vasilevska, Lauma; Skadiņš, Ingus; Moisejevs, Georgijs; Gailīte, Linda; Auzenbaha, Madara; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health; Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics; Department of Biology and Microbiology
    BACKGROUND: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of phenylalanine (Phe) metabolism that results from a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). Patients with PKU rely on amino acid mixtures and low-protein diets, which often exhibit an acidic nature and pose various challenges to oral health. The objective of the study was to evaluate oral care habits of PKU patients in Latvia and the impact of the recommendations developed on improving oral care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, during a one-month interval before and after the implementation of oral hygiene recommendations, questionnaires were distributed to all patients with PKU diagnosed in Latvia, with a response rate of 78 % (79 of 101). RESULTS: The group older and 18 years of age showed a poorer understanding of oral care even after receiving recommendations, 82 % brushing their teeth twice a day (92 % in the group <18 years of age), continuing 57 % rinsing their mouth after using amino acid formula (75 % in the younger group). Significant improvements were observed only in the respondent group younger than 18 years of age - including increases in toothbrushing twice a day by 25 % ( p = 0.001), dental flossing by 23 % ( p = 0.001), mouth rinsing after amino acid-based formula by 13 % ( p = 0.020). CONCLUSION: This study concludes that PKU patients older and 18 years of age have a poor understanding of maintaining oral hygiene and the use of the necessary supplements to improve it. Activities are needed in the future that would regularly remind and motivate PKU patients to take care of their oral health.